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La vérité des prix dans un monde imparfait

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  • Serge-Christophe Kolm

Abstract

[fre] L'Etat peut agir sur des prix spécifiques par la vente des services publics, les marchés de l'Etat, la fiscalité, des droits de douanes ou subventions aux échanges extérieurs, des réglementations, etc... Si le reste de l'économie était « parfait », réalisant les conditions d'optimalité, et en particulier l'égalité des prix aux coûts et productivités marginaux, l'Etat devrait aussi réaliser ces égalités dans son champ d'action. Mais puisque les structures des marchés, des contraintes budgétaires, etc... le rendent imparfait, les actions optimales rie l'Etat sur ces prix sont autres. C'est ce que nous avons appelé un problème de « moindre mal ». Cette étude donne des théorèmes sur les distorsions instrumentales optimales en fonction de la structure des effets sur les prix des comportements et autres contraintes donnés. Contrairement à l'étude de l'auteur a La théorie des contraintes de valeur », elle n'étudie que des propriétés locales, au voisinage de l'optimum optimorum. Mais ceci permet de montrer d'autres propriétés propres à ce cas. [eng] The subject of this article is a class of « second best » problems. The instrumental variables, the optimal value of which is the unknown, are Government actions on priees or priee discrepancies, such as taxes, tariffs, regulated prices, etc... The constraints which impose a « second best » solution are due to market behavior, budgetary obligations, or given Government actions in some fields. The present analysis is only in the small (neighborhood of the « first best » optimum). It is both a specification in this case and generalization of the author's « Theory of value Constraints ». It proves several theorems on the optimal instru­mental prices' distorsions according to the structure of the effect on prices of the constraints under consideration.

Suggested Citation

  • Serge-Christophe Kolm, 1969. "La vérité des prix dans un monde imparfait," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 20(4), pages 727-740.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1969_num_20_4_407881
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1969.407881
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1969.407881
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    Cited by:

    1. Nicolas Astier, 2021. "Second‐best pricing for incomplete market segments: Application to electricity pricing," Journal of Public Economic Theory, Association for Public Economic Theory, vol. 23(6), pages 1287-1311, December.

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