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Comment concilier science et pratique

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  • Michel Berry

Abstract

[eng] Nowadays, while management sciences are too often deprived of their connexions to reality, they are despised by many managers, who consider them useless. Nevertheless, cooperation possibilities do exist between theory and practice. In effect, their practical experiences do not prevent managers to be faced with large uncertainties : what will be the consequences of such or such innovation ? How can it be possible to cope with market volatility ? How to chaunel change into complex organizations ? Knowledge about such topics is in increasing demand. This opens field work opportunities for researchers. In this way, they can evoluate the relevance of their ideas. By observing new phenomena, they can discover fruitfull research avenues. Thus, theory and practice are bound to crossfertilize each other. But adapted researchers and practicians relation patterns are to be built for this purpose. Institutional support has to be secured for this kind of researches, which often upset long lived traditions in the scientific world. [fre] De nombreux gestionnaires se passent aujourd'hui des sciences de gestion en ne voyant pas ce qu'elles peuvent leur apporter ; de leur côté, les sciences de gestion se sont souvent coupées de la pratique. Pourtant on trouve maintenant des perspectives de collaborations nouvelles entre praticiens et théoriciens. Les praticiens sont en effet confrontés à de grandes incertitudes que leur expérience ne suffit pas à réduire : quels vont être les effets de telle innovation, comment faire face à l'imprévisibilité des marchés, comment piloter le changement dans les organisations complexes, etc. ? Ceci crée des demandes nouvelles de savoir. Les chercheurs peuvent alors trouver des opportunités de travailler sur le terrain. En mettant leurs idées à l'épreuve, ils en testent la pertinence ; en découvrant des phénomènes nouveaux, ils dégagent des pistes théoriques. Pratique et théorie peuvent alors se féconder. Mais ceci suppose des dispositifs de relation adaptés entre chercheurs et praticiens et implique que les institutions appuient des recherches qui bousculent parfois des traditions profondément ancrées dans le monde scientifique.

Suggested Citation

  • Michel Berry, 1991. "Comment concilier science et pratique," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 206(1), pages 5-10.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1991_num_206_1_4230
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1991.4230
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1991.4230
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    1. Gafsi, M. & Brossier, J., 1997. "Farm management and protection of natural resources: Analysis of adaptation process and dependence relationships," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 55(1), pages 71-97, September.

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