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Les inégalités interrégionales : évolution au 19e siècle

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  • Maurice Levy-Leboyer

Abstract

[eng] The study presents new series of production and income per head, at a regional and national levels, for French agriculture in the 19th and the 20th centuries as well as a calculation of growth rates of total factor productivity for a sample of eleven agricultural regions over the 1851-1970 period. They give a more precise view of the stability of income inequalities between regions before and during the period of industrialization. They highlight three main trends : the improvemnent that accrued to regions at the periphery, when they were linked by rail ; the sharp deterioration of workers tied up to the land during the period of rural desindustrialization ; and the absence of cumulative advantages in favour of the central regions, near Paris, in contrast with what is known of leading and lagging regions in industry. [fre] L'étude présente des séries nouvelles de production et de revenu par tête, régionales et nationales, pour l'agriculture en France aux 19e et 20e siècles ainsi qu'un calcul des taux de croissance de la productivité totale des facteurs pour un échantillon de onze régions entre 1851 et 1970. Ces données permettent d'évaluer avec plus de précision la stabilité des inégalités interrégionales des revenus agricoles avant et pendant la période d'industrialisation. Elles font apparaître trois traits d'évolution : l'amélioration des revenus relatifs dans les régions situées à la périphérie du marché, après la création du réseau ferroviaire ; la prolétarisation des ouvriers agricoles dans les régions qui ont subi les effets de la désindustrialisation des campagnes ; et l'absence d'avantages cumulatifs au profit des régions centrales, proches de Paris, au contraire de ce que l'on observe dans le secteur industriel.

Suggested Citation

  • Maurice Levy-Leboyer, 1982. "Les inégalités interrégionales : évolution au 19e siècle," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 152(1), pages 26-33.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1982_num_152_1_2912
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1982.2912
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1982.2912
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