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Innovation et changements structurels : l'exemple de l'industrie informatique

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  • Christian Genthon

Abstract

[fre] Cet article examine les changements structurels qui sont à l'oeuvre dans l'industrie informatique depuis une quinzaine d'années. Le régime de concurrence des années 70 et 80 avait trois fondements : l'intervention des États, l'innovation et surtout les systèmes d'exploitation « propriétaires » associés à la clientèle captive, ce qui avait comme conséquence de fortes barrières à l'entrée. La diffusion, largement fortuite dans ce contexte, des systèmes standards (micro-ordinateurs et stations de travail principalement) dans les années 90, a entraîné l'industrie dans une période d'instabilité et de remise en cause du régime de concurrence existant. Un nouveau régime de concurrence se met en place aujourd'hui. Une validation empirique de ces hypothèses est effectuée à partir de régressions sur séries chronologiques. [eng] This article discusses the structural changes which have occured in the global computer industry over the last fifteen years. The competition regime in the 70s and 80s had three foundations : Government intervention, innovation and above all the « proprietary-managed » cum captive customer system, which implied high barriers to entry. The diffusion, largely fortuitous in this context, of standardised systems (microcomputers and workstations mainly) in the 90' led the industry to a period of instability by undermining the existing competition regime as such. A new competition regime is now emerging. An empirical validation of these hypotheses is carried out through regressions on time series.

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Genthon, 1998. "Innovation et changements structurels : l'exemple de l'industrie informatique," Revue d'Économie Industrielle, Programme National Persée, vol. 85(1), pages 31-48.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recind:rei_0154-3229_1998_num_85_1_1723
    DOI: 10.3406/rei.1998.1723
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rei.1998.1723
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    Cited by:

    1. Ariel Mendez, 2001. "Globalisation de la R&D et mécanismes de coordination: le rôle des groupes de projets dans l'intégration d'activités multinationales," Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, revues.org, vol. 4(4), pages 85-112, December.

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