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Alliances en R&D, course à l'innovation et gain stratégique - Éléments théoriques et application au segment des DRAM

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  • Emmanuel Combe

Abstract

[fre] Les alliances en R&D ont récemment donné lieu à un foisonnement de contributions théoriques (approche transactionnelle, perspective évolutionniste, théorie des externalités technologiques), qui demeurent centrées sur l'acquisition d'un gain interne de coopération (dénommé «gain spécifique») tel que le partage des coûts, l'incitation à l'innovation ou la réduction du risque.. Nous montrons ici que l'alliance en R&D peut faire également l'objet d'une approche en termes de «gain stratégique» : l'alliance permet de modifier la structure de marché ou d'empêcher qu'elle ne se modifie, en créant des externalités stratégiques.. Nous appliquons cette approche au segment des DRAM et nous montrons que les leaders s'allient entre eux afin d'éviter toute modification dans l'ordre d'arrivée de la course technologique, en faveur des suiveurs : le gain stratégique revêt ici une forme préventive. [eng] R&D alliances have been recently the subject of an abondant litterature (transaction costs approach, evolutionnary perspective, technological externalities theory). But these different approaches focus principally on the internal gain of R&D alliance (so called the «specific gain») which can take many forms as technological complementarity, uncertainty reduction or incitation to innovate.. Our purpose is to show that R&D alliances could be analysed in terms of strategic gain : R&D alliance not only allows to share the cost of innovation with anothers firms, but also to modify or prevent any change in the market structure, by creating strategic externalities.. This approach is applied to the DRAMs ; we show that leaders ally with other leaders to maintain their respective competitive positions in the regional patent race. The strategic gain is in this configuration of a preventive nature : leaders avoid any modification of the arrival order, in favor of followers.

Suggested Citation

  • Emmanuel Combe, 1996. "Alliances en R&D, course à l'innovation et gain stratégique - Éléments théoriques et application au segment des DRAM," Revue d'Économie Industrielle, Programme National Persée, vol. 78(1), pages 27-46.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recind:rei_0154-3229_1996_num_78_1_1642
    DOI: 10.3406/rei.1996.1642
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rei.1996.1642
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