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Industrial Dynamics and the role of small plants in swedish manufacturing industry, 1968-1988

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  • Bo Carlsson

Abstract

[eng] Contrary to the development in other industrial countries, the average plant size in Swedish industry has continued to increase. Swedish data are presented here for the first time according to the NACE classification adopted by the European Community. The analysis is carried out primarily at the 2-digit NACE level at 5-year intervals. Industrial employment rose steadily until it reached a peak of just over 900,000 in the early 1970s and then fell to 766,000 in 1988. Meanwhile, the number of industrial plants fell continuously from nearly 14,000 in 1968 to just over 9,000 in 1988. As a result, output per establishment more than doubled, and the average employment per establishment increased by 34 %. The most severe decline in the number of establishments occurred in the smallest size category (less than 10 employees), from 5,831 to 1,234 establishments. The number of plants in this size category was reduced in every 2-digit industry. The analysis confirms the observation that there is a lack of entrepreneurship in Swedish industry. It is suggested that a possible explanation for the continued shift in the size distribution may have to do with continued adjustment to European integration. [fre] Contrairement au développement dans les autres pays industrialisés, la taille moyenne des établissements a continué à augmenter dans l'industrie suédoise. Les données suédoises sont présentées ici pour la première fois dans la nomenclature NACE adoptée par la Communauté européenne. L'analyse est d'abord faite au niveau 2-chiffres de la NACE à des intervalles de cinq ans. L'emploi industriel a augmenté fermement jusqu'à ce qu'il atteigne un pic juste au-dessus des 900 000 emplois au début des années 70, à partir duquel il chute à 766 000 en 1988. Au même moment, le nombre d'établissements industriels a diminué constamment passant de près de 14 000 en 1968 à 9 000 en 1988. En conséquence, la production par établissement a plus que doublé et l'emploi moyen par établissement a augmenté de 34 %. Le déclin le plus sévère dans le nombre d'établissement a concerné la catégorie de la taille la plus faible (moins de 10 employés), passant de 5 831 à 1 234 établissements. Le nombre d'unités de production dans cette catégorie a été réduit dans chaque industrie à 2 chiffres. L'analyse confirme l'observation qu'il y a un manque d'esprit d'entreprise dans l'industrie suédoise. Il est suggéré qu'une explication possible pour le changement continu dans la distribution par tailles puisse être corrélé avec l'ajustement continu à l'intégration européenne.

Suggested Citation

  • Bo Carlsson, 1994. "Industrial Dynamics and the role of small plants in swedish manufacturing industry, 1968-1988," Revue d'Économie Industrielle, Programme National Persée, vol. 67(1), pages 89-102.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recind:rei_0154-3229_1994_num_67_1_1509
    DOI: 10.3406/rei.1994.1509
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rei.1994.1509
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