IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prs/hiseco/hes_0752-5702_2002_num_21_4_2278.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Les usages des sciences économiques en Russie entre les années 1960 et 1990

Author

Listed:
  • Natalia Chmatko

Abstract

[fre] Résumé L'analyse de trente ans de développement des sciences économiques russes (soviétique) montre des changements successifs des rapports entre macro et micro-analyse, entre l'économie politique, l'économie mathématique et l'économie mondiale. Les rapports entre les pouvoirs et les économistes prenaient des formes différentes qui allaient d'une quête de l'autonomie jusqu'à une participation volontaire et directe des économistes scientifiques en politique. Les tentatives des économistes des années soixante d'introduire les éléments du marché dans une économie planifiée ont abouti à cette époque à un échec mais elles ont trouvé «un terrain fertile» dans les années 1980 pour finir, dans les années 1990, par l'oubli définitif. Ces économistes ont préparé le passage de l'économie planifiée vers l'économie de marché et le choix du modèle libéral. Ce passage a complètement bouleversé les rapports hiérarchiques au sein des disciplines économiques. Les économistes libéraux, constitués des jeunes chercheurs, ne disposaient pas d'un volume élevé de savoirs théoriques et pratiques en économie, mais ils ont réussi à échanger leurs connaissances spécifiques en théories occidentales, requises dans une nouvelle conjoncture, contre la reconnaissance politique. Ils ont su faire fonctionner leur compétence politique au sein même des sciences économiques en ayant recours à des valeurs libérales et en affirmant les raisons politiques en tant qu'arguments scientifiques. [eng] Abstract Analysis of the development of Russian (Soviet) economics over the last thirty years shows a series of successive changes in the relations between macroeconomics and microeconomics, and among the subfields of political economics, mathematical economics, and global economics. During this period, economists' relations with government took varied forms, from those who sought autonomy to others who voluntarily and directly participated in politics. Attempts by economists in the 1960s to introduce certain elements of the market into an overall planned economy led to failure at the time, but these efforts found fertile ground in the 1980s before sinking into oblivion in the 1990s. Nevertheless it was these economists who laid the groundwork for the transition from a planned economy to a market economy on the liberal, free-market model. This transition drastically changed traditional hierarchical relations among economic subfields. Free-market economists, who were primarily younger researchers, did not have high levels of theoretical or practical knowledge in economics, but they succeeded in gaining political recognition in exchange for their specific knowledge of We stern theories, seen as vital in the new political and economic situation. Using their political know-how within the field of economics, these young economists succeeded in presenting their liberal values and asserting their political claims in the guise of scientific arguments.

Suggested Citation

  • Natalia Chmatko, 2002. "Les usages des sciences économiques en Russie entre les années 1960 et 1990," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 21(4), pages 583-603.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_2002_num_21_4_2278
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.2002.2278
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.2002.2278
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3406/hes.2002.2278
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/hes_0752-5702_2002_num_21_4_2278
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3406/hes.2002.2278?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_2002_num_21_4_2278. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Equipe PERSEE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.persee.fr/collection/hes .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.