Author
Abstract
[fre] Résumé Le présent article tente d'approfondir la connaissance de la structure, du fonctionnement et de l'évolution de l'appareil décisionnel de l'URSS, puis de la Russie, en matière de nucléaire civil, ainsi que des décisions prises et du mode de prise de ces décisions. L'appui sur des sources importantes, y compris des interviews des acteurs du projet nucléaire représente la partie originale de la recherche. Ils ont permis de combler les lacunes dues à la non-ouverture des archives et créer une image multidimensionnelle du système des relations des acteurs dans l'histoire technique, administrative et politique du nucléaire soviétique. Il est possible désormais de résumer les trois traits originaux du nucléaire civil soviétique: 1) L'influence et l'importance du facteur personnel sur le développement du secteur nucléaire sont plus significatifs en URSS qu'en Occident; 2) A partir du milieu des années 1950, l'histoire du secteur nucléaire peut être décrite comme l'histoire d'un «État dans l'État» ; 3) En URSS, les programmes expérimentaux sont un corollaire des programmes quantitatifs, ce qui est contraire à la logique occidentale. [eng] Abstract The aim of the present study is to investigate the structure, action and evolution of the decision apparatus in the soviet and Russian civic nuclear sphere. Also, here is the question of analysis of decisions in this sphere. One of the most document support of this study is interviews of nuclear project participants. This approach help to find missing information and to make multi-dimentional image of actor's relations in technical, administration and politic history of soviet nuclear project. Now it is possible to resume three original characteristics of soviet civic nuclear sphere: 1) Influence of personal factors in the development of nuclear project is more important in the URSS then in Europe and USA; 2) Since 1953, history of nuclear in URSS can be described as history of the «State in the State»; 3) In URSS, experimental programs have been elaborated after industrial programs. It is in opposition with occidental logic.
Suggested Citation
Maria Vasilieva, 2001.
"L'évolution des systèmes de prise de décisions dans le nucléaire soviétique (russe),"
Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 20(2), pages 257-275.
Handle:
RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_2001_num_20_2_2225
DOI: 10.3406/hes.2001.2225
Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.2001.2225
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