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Le marché du blé américain, 1860-1900. Une analyse structurale

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  • Jean Heffer

Abstract

[fre] Résumé Dans le dernier tiers du XIXe siècle, les États-Unis sont le principal grenier à blé de l'Europe occidentale. Ils dominent le marché mondial de cette céréale. Cette situation s'explique par les conditions de l'offre et de la demande. Du côte de l'offre, le modèle emprunté à Fisher-Temin montre quels sont les déterminants qui président aux choix rationnels des agriculteurs. Du côté de la demande, sont analysés les consommations humaine et animale, les exportations et les stocks, ainsi que le prix mondial, à partir du modèle transformé de Meinken. Les estimations économétriques précisent les diverses élasticités et ouvrent des aperçus sur certains mouvements de mécontentement agraire, comme le populisme. [eng] Résumé In the last thirty years of the nineteenth century, the United States provided Western Europe with all its cereals. They ruled the world market of wheat. One can explain this situation by supply and demand conditions. On the supply side, the model borrowed from Fisher-Temin shows what the decisive factors for the farmers' rational choices were. On the demand side, human and animal consumptions are analyzed, as well as exportations, stores and the world prices, according to the Meinken transformed model. Econometric estimations give a more precise notion of various elasticities and give ann idea of some of the agrarian discontent, expressed in movements such as populism.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean Heffer, 1986. "Le marché du blé américain, 1860-1900. Une analyse structurale," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 5(2), pages 265-295.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_1986_num_5_2_1427
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.1986.1427
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.1986.1427
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