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Les marchés locaux du travail en Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur

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  • Alain Chauvet

Abstract

[spa] Los mercados locales laborales en Provenza- Costa Azul - El contraste entre mercados laborales urbanos activos y mercados rurales estancados se ve atenuado en Provenza-Alpes-Costa azul por los fenómenos de actividad estacional vinculados con la agricultura y turismo, y por la importancia de los empleos de tipo administrativo. Si la movilidad de los desocupados es poco elevada en los departamentos alpinos y el Alto-Var, es diferente en el Vaucluse rural, en el que los flujos estacionales son intensos. Las zonas urbanas también difieren sumamente unas de otras. En Marsella y en Avinon, entradas y salidas en el mercado laboral son muy numerosas, tanto para los varones como para las mujeres, y en cualquier edad. No obstante, en Marsella la fluidez observada al salir de la desocupación se desprende tanto de la salida de la población activa fuera de la zona como de las facilidades que brinda un mercado laboral urbano. En Tolón, por lo contrario, la movilidad es escasa a razón de la existencia de un importante sector laboral protegido (arsenal, base naval,...). En Niza, finalmente, el salir de la desocupación resulta dificultosa a causa de la crisis de la edificación y de la abundancia de una fuerza laboral femenina cualificada poco apta para desempenar empleos vinculados con el turismo. [fre] L'opposition entre marchés du travail urbains actifs et marchés ruraux stagnants, est tempérée en Provence - Alpes - Côte d'Azur par les phénomènes d'activité saisonnière liés à l'agriculture et au tourisme, et par l'importance des emplois de type administratif. Si la mobilité des chômeurs est très faible dans les départements alpins et le Haut-Var, il en va différemment dans le Vaucluse rural, où les flux saisonniers sont intenses. Les zones urbaines sont également très différenciées. A Marseille et en Avignon, entrées et sorties sur le marché du travail sont très nombreuses, pour les hommes comme pour les femmes, et à tout âge. Cependant, à Marseille, la fluidité observée à la sortie du chômage résulte autant du départ de population active hors de la zone que des facilités offertes par un marché du travail urbain. A Toulon au contraire, la mobilité est faible, en raison de l'existence d'un important secteur protégé de l'emploi (arsenal, base navale). A Nice enfin, les sorties de chômage sont difficiles, à cause de la crise du bâtiment et de l'abondance d'une main-d'oeuvre féminine qualifiée peu concernée par les emplois liés au tourisme. [eng] Local work markets in Provence -Alpes -Côte d'Azur The opposition between active urban work markets and stagnant rural markets is modified in Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur by the phenomenon of seasonal work linked to agriculture and tourism and by the number of administrative jobs. If the movement of unemployed workers is relatively insignificant in the Alpine and Haut-Var regions, the situation is quite different in the rural Vaucluse, where the seasonal flow is heavy. The urban zones can also be clearly differentiated. In Marseille and Avignon, entries and departures on the work market are very numerous, for men as well as women, and for all age groups. In Marseille, however, the easy movement out of the unemployment category is as much the result of the departure of the working population out of the zone as it is of the opportunities offered by an urban work market. In Toulon, on the other hand, movement is limited because of the existence of a significant protected job sector (arsenal, naval base). Last, in Nice, departures from unemployment are difficult because of the crisis in construction and the abundance of skilled female labor with little interest in jobs linked to tourism.

Suggested Citation

  • Alain Chauvet, 1985. "Les marchés locaux du travail en Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 182(1), pages 59-63.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecstat:estat_0336-1454_1985_num_182_1_5030
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.1985.5030
    Note: DOI:10.3406/estat.1985.5030
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