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Les indicateurs de polarisation et leur application à la France

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  • Damien Echevin
  • Antoine Parent

Abstract

[fre] Cet article présente, dans un premier temps, les propriétés des indicateurs de polarisation des revenus, ceux de Foster-Wolfson et d’Esteban-Ray, leur portée et leur limite. Les deux critères de polarisation et d’inégalité apparaissent comme complémentaires mais distincts dans la mesure où le principe de transfert de Pigou-Dalton est étranger au concept de polarisation. Dans un second temps, l’application de ces indicateurs à des données françaises permet de tester leur portée explicative en comparant leur valeur informative à celle dérivée par une analyse plus fine des caractéristiques des populations. C’est l’occasion de s’interroger sur la pertinence du constat d’augmentation de la polarisation des revenus salariaux au cours des années quatre-vingt-dix. La polarisation des emplois semble avoir contribué significativement à ce phénomène. [eng] Polarisation Indicators and their Application to France.. This article begins by presenting the properties of the income polarisation indicators developed by Foster-Wolfson and Esteban-Ray, and their scope and limits. The two polarisation and inequality criteria appear complementary but different insofar as the Pigou-Dalton transfer principle is alien to the polarisation concept. Wenext apply these indicators to French data in order to test their explanatory capacity by comparing their informative value with the results of closer analysis of population characteristics. We use this opportunity to look at the relevance of the increase in wage income polarisation in the nineties. Job polarisation appears to have made a significant contribution to this phenomenon.

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  • Damien Echevin & Antoine Parent, 2002. "Les indicateurs de polarisation et leur application à la France," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 155(4), pages 13-30.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_2002_num_155_4_6867
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.2002.6867
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.2002.6867
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    1. Paul Gregg, 1996. "It Takes Two: Employment Polarisation in the OECD," CEP Discussion Papers dp0304, Centre for Economic Performance, LSE.
    2. Esteban, Joan & Ray, Debraj, 1994. "On the Measurement of Polarization," Econometrica, Econometric Society, vol. 62(4), pages 819-851, July.
    3. Wolfson, Michael C, 1994. "When Inequalities Diverge," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 84(2), pages 353-358, May.
    4. Wolfson, Michael, 1997. "Divergent Inequalities - Theory and Empirical Results (Revised Edition)," Analytical Studies Branch Research Paper Series 1997066e, Statistics Canada, Analytical Studies Branch.
    5. Peter Gottschalk & Timothy M. Smeeding, 1997. "Cross-National Comparisons of Earnings and Income Inequality," Journal of Economic Literature, American Economic Association, vol. 35(2), pages 633-687, June.
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    7. Esteban, Joan & Ray, Debraj, 1999. "Conflict and Distribution," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 87(2), pages 379-415, August.
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    1. Jérôme Lefranc, 2012. "Polarisation et déclin de la classe moyenne : le cas de la Russie," Post-Print halshs-00775929, HAL.
    2. Jérôme Lefranc, 2012. "Polarisation et déclin de la classe moyenne : le cas de la Russie," Documents de travail du Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne 12054, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1), Centre d'Economie de la Sorbonne.
    3. Luc Arrondel & André Masson & Daniel Verger, 2008. "Le patrimoine en France : état des lieux, historique et perspectives," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 417(1), pages 3-25.
    4. repec:dau:papers:123456789/5056 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Molnar, Maria, 2010. "Income distribution in Romania," MPRA Paper 30062, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Ngunza Maniata, Kevin, 2014. "Analyse de la polarisation des dépenses des ménages en République Démocratique du Congo : application des modèles FW et DER [Household expenditure polarization analysis in Democratic Republic of Co," MPRA Paper 68482, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 13 Jul 2015.
    7. Molnar, Maria, 2011. "Income Polarization In Romania," Journal for Economic Forecasting, Institute for Economic Forecasting, vol. 0(2), pages 64-83, June.

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