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Les grands groupes commerciaux français de 1972 à 1979

Author

Listed:
  • Alain Nicolas
  • Didier Bury

Abstract

[fre] Les grands groupes commerciaux français de 1972 à 1979, . par Alain Nicolas et Didier Bury. . Les conditions économiques et financières du développement d'une quinzaine de grands groupes français de la distribution sont analysées à partir d'un échantillon de leurs sociétés commerciales suivies de 1972 à 1979. Les principaux indicateurs observés sont l'évolution de l'activité (chiffre d'affaires en volume) et des moyens de distribution (effectifs et surfaces de vente), des marges commerciales, des rentabilités et de l'endettement de ces entreprises. . On constate ainsi que la croissance moyenne des groupes est plus rapide que celle de l'ensemble du secteur commercial et qu'ils exploitent principalement des grandes surfaces. De plus, leurs marges commerciales sont demeurées relativement stables de 1976 à 1979 par rapport à leur chiffre d'affaires. On relève aussi que les profils d'évolution et les stratégies de développement sont assez différents selon que ces groupes commercialisent principalement des biens alimentaires ou non-alimentaires. . Freinés dans leur développement, en France, par la réglementation en vigueur sur l'implantation des grandes surfaces, les groupes de l'alimentaire ont néanmoins préservé leur niveau de rentabilité et ont ainsi eu les moyens d'une diversification tant sectorielle que géographique, mais toujours proche de la distribution. Les groupes du non-alimentaire où prédominent les grands magasins qui connaissent des problèmes spécifiques ont traversé une phase difficile après 1975 dont, au prix d'efforts de rationalisation et de gestion, ils semblent se remettre progressivement. [eng] The large French trading groups from 1972 to 1979, . by Alain Nicolas and Didier Bury. . The economic and financial conditions of the growth of some 15 large French retail groups are analyzed on the basis of a sampling of the sales companies monitored from 1972 to 1979. The principal indicators observed are the business (volume sales) and store (employment and retail space) trends, the mark-ups, the earnings and the debt of the firms. . It was found that the groups' average growth is faster than that of the trading sector as a whole and that they primarily operate as mass retailers. Their trading margins stayed relative stable in relation to sales in the period 1976-1979. The trend profiles and growth strategies differ quite widely according to whether the groups principally sell food or non-food products. . With their expansion in France inhibited by strict regulation of new supermarket construction, the food groups have nevertheless maintained their earning capacity and have accordingly had the resources for both sectorial and geographic diversification, while staying close to the trade sector. The non-food groups, dominated by the department stores which are having specific problems, have gone through a difficult phase since 1975, from which, by dint of rationalization and management programs, they seem to be emerging.

Suggested Citation

  • Alain Nicolas & Didier Bury, 1981. "Les grands groupes commerciaux français de 1972 à 1979," Économie et Prévision, Programme National Persée, vol. 49(4), pages 3-22.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:ecoprv:ecop_0249-4744_1981_num_49_4_3145
    DOI: 10.3406/ecop.1981.3145
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecop.1981.3145
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