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L'extension du marché limite la division du travail : la critique smithienne du mercantilisme

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  • Michel Rosier

Abstract

[fre] L'affirmation d'A. Smith selon laquelle la division du travail est limitée par l'extension du marché est généralement considérée comme une curiosité embarrassante, parce que supposant des rendements croissants. En fait, elle est limitée non en raison de son résultat, la productivité du travail, mais de sa cause, l'allocation du travail entre secteurs agricole et manufacturier. Ainsi comprise, cette limite cesse d'être une curiosité et apparaît être au cœur de la critique smithienne des mercantilistes. Leur politique économique freinerait la croissance de l'économie et risquerait même de l'entraîner vers un état régressif, en hâtant le développement des manufactures au détriment de l'agriculture. [eng] The division of labour limited by the extent of the market : Smith's critique of the mercantilism. . Smith's statement according to which the division of labour is limited by the extent of the market is often considered as a puzzling curiosity, that involves increasing returns. We demonstrate that it is not limited because of its result, the productivity of labour, but because of its cause, the allocation of labour force between agriculture and manufactures. Then we show that Smith's statement is at the core of his main argument against the mercantilists. Their economic policy would slow down economic growth and may even drive a nation to a regressive state, by raising up too hastily manufactures.

Suggested Citation

  • Michel Rosier, 1991. "L'extension du marché limite la division du travail : la critique smithienne du mercantilisme," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 19(1), pages 37-53.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:caecpo:cep_0154-8344_1991_num_19_1_1108
    DOI: 10.3406/cep.1991.1108
    Note: DOI:10.3406/cep.1991.1108
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    1. Michel Rosier, 1996. "Adam Smith et la Pennsylvanie : la main invisible et les ailes dédaliennes du papier monnaie," Cahiers d'Économie Politique, Programme National Persée, vol. 27(1), pages 89-111.

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