Czech (Czechoslovak) Transformation Continuities of 20th century[České (československé) transformační kontinuity 20. století]

None of Middle European economies experienced so many dramatic changes, changes so deep and large during last 80 years as Czech economy did. At least three historical periods after 1918 can be called transformational, because there were radical planned changes in economy nature which did much more than just a partial modification or revision of existing system (reform), these changes were supported by other extensive changes - at least institutional changes with reform of legal framework of economic processes, wide property transfers, wide modification of elite - and they were connected with substantial political and power convulsions: 1. the establishment of the first Czechoslovak republic and period of its stabilization, 2. the transition from market to the centrally planned economy after the World War II, 3. the transformation after 1989. The transformation discontinuities were not total negation of previous line. The Czech (Czechoslovak) development also demonstrates notable large degree of continuities, the path dependency. The contribution characterize the three typical transformation continuities, which can be followed as a specific problem of economic course during each transformation period, and these are: 1. problem of unsuitable economic structure of the country, 2. the competitiveness of czechoslovak industry and its technically-technological level and productivity of labour, 3. economic management, its potential and practice.