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The protective association between statins use and adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Author

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  • Ronald Chow
  • James Im
  • Nicholas Chiu
  • Leonard Chiu
  • Rahul Aggarwal
  • Jihui Lee
  • Young-Geun Choi
  • Elizabeth Horn Prsic
  • Hyun Joon Shin

Abstract

Introduction: Statins may reduce a cytokine storm, which has been hypothesized as a possible mechanism of severe COVID-19 pneumonia. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to report on adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients by statin usage. Methods: Literatures were searched from January 2019 to December 2020 to identify studies that reported the association between statin usage and adverse outcomes, including mortality, ICU admissions, and mechanical ventilation. Studies were meta-analyzed for mortality by the subgroups of ICU status and statin usage before and after COVID-19 hospitalization. Studies reporting an odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) were analyzed separately. Results: Thirteen cohorts, reporting on 110,078 patients, were included in this meta-analysis. Individuals who used statins before their COVID-19 hospitalization showed a similar risk of mortality, compared to those who did not use statins (HR 0.80, 95% CI: 0.50, 1.28; OR 0.62, 95% CI: 0.38, 1.03). Patients who were administered statins after their COVID-19 diagnosis were at a lower risk of mortality (HR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.61; OR 0.57, 95% CI: 0.43, 0.75). The use of statins did not reduce the mortality of COVID-19 patients admitted to the ICU (OR 0.65; 95% CI: 0.26, 1.64). Among non-ICU patients, statin users were at a lower risk of mortality relative to non-statin users (HR 0.53, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.62; OR 0.64, 95% CI: 0.46, 0.88). Conclusion: Patients administered statins after COVID-19 diagnosis or non-ICU admitted patients were at lower risk of mortality relative to non-statin users.

Suggested Citation

  • Ronald Chow & James Im & Nicholas Chiu & Leonard Chiu & Rahul Aggarwal & Jihui Lee & Young-Geun Choi & Elizabeth Horn Prsic & Hyun Joon Shin, 2021. "The protective association between statins use and adverse outcomes among COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(6), pages 1-13, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0253576
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253576
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    Cited by:

    1. Magdalena Jachymek & Aleksandra Cader & Michał Ptak & Wojciech Witkiewicz & Adam Grzegorz Szymański & Katarzyna Kotfis & Jarosław Kaźmierczak & Aleksandra Szylińska, 2022. "The Value of Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS) as a Prognostic Tool in Predicting Mortality in COVID-19—A Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-15, January.
    2. Stefania Angela Di Fusco & Antonella Spinelli & Lorenzo Castello & Edoardo Mocini & Michele Massimo Gulizia & Fabrizio Oliva & Domenico Gabrielli & Giuseppe Imperoli & Furio Colivicchi, 2021. "Impact of Working from Home on Cardiovascular Health: An Emerging Issue with the COVID-19 Pandemic," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(22), pages 1-12, November.

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