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Effectiveness of blended learning in pharmacy education: A systematic review and meta-analysis

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  • Athira Balakrishnan
  • Sandra Puthean
  • Gautam Satheesh
  • Unnikrishnan M. K.
  • Muhammed Rashid
  • Sreedharan Nair
  • Girish Thunga

Abstract

Background & objective: Though blended learning (BL), is widely adopted in higher education, evaluating effectiveness of BL is difficult because the components of BL can be extremely heterogeneous. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of BL in improving knowledge and skill in pharmacy education. Methods: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus and the Cochrane Library were searched to identify published literature. The retrieved studies from databases were screened for its title and abstracts followed by the full-text in accordance with the pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Methodological quality was appraised by modified Ottawa scale. Random effect model used for statistical modelling. Key findings: A total of 26 studies were included for systematic review. Out of which 20 studies with 4525 participants for meta-analysis which employed traditional teaching in control group. Results showed a statistically significant positive effect size on knowledge (standardized mean difference [SMD]: 1.35, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.91 to 1.78, p

Suggested Citation

  • Athira Balakrishnan & Sandra Puthean & Gautam Satheesh & Unnikrishnan M. K. & Muhammed Rashid & Sreedharan Nair & Girish Thunga, 2021. "Effectiveness of blended learning in pharmacy education: A systematic review and meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(6), pages 1-17, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0252461
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252461
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    Cited by:

    1. Athira Balakrishnan & Sreedharan Nair & Vijayanarayana Kunhikatta & Muhammed Rashid & M K Unnikrishnan & P S Jagannatha & Viji P Chandran & Kanav Khera & Girish Thunga, 2021. "Effectiveness of blended learning in pharmacy education: An experimental study using clinical research modules," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(9), pages 1-13, September.

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