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The differential impact of pediatric COVID-19 between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review of fatality and ICU admission in children worldwide

Author

Listed:
  • Taito Kitano
  • Mao Kitano
  • Carsten Krueger
  • Hassan Jamal
  • Hatem Al Rawahi
  • Rachelle Lee-Krueger
  • Rose Doulin Sun
  • Sandra Isabel
  • Marta Taida García-Ascaso
  • Hiromi Hibino
  • Bettina Camara
  • Marc Isabel
  • Leanna Cho
  • Helen E Groves
  • Pierre-Philippe Piché-Renaud
  • Michael Kossov
  • Ikuho Kou
  • Ilsu Jon
  • Ana C Blanchard
  • Nao Matsuda
  • Quenby Mahood
  • Anupma Wadhwa
  • Ari Bitnun
  • Shaun K Morris

Abstract

Background: The overall global impact of COVID-19 in children and regional variability in pediatric outcomes are presently unknown. Methods: To evaluate the magnitude of global COVID-19 death and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in children aged 0–19 years, a systematic review was conducted for articles and national reports as of December 7, 2020. This systematic review is registered with PROSPERO (registration number: CRD42020179696). Results: We reviewed 16,027 articles as well as 225 national reports from 216 countries. Among the 3,788 global pediatric COVID-19 deaths, 3,394 (91.5%) deaths were reported from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), while 83.5% of pediatric population from all included countries were from LMIC. The pediatric deaths/1,000,000 children and case fatality rate (CFR) were significantly higher in LMIC than in high-income countries (HIC) (2.77 in LMIC vs 1.32 in HIC; p

Suggested Citation

  • Taito Kitano & Mao Kitano & Carsten Krueger & Hassan Jamal & Hatem Al Rawahi & Rachelle Lee-Krueger & Rose Doulin Sun & Sandra Isabel & Marta Taida García-Ascaso & Hiromi Hibino & Bettina Camara & Mar, 2021. "The differential impact of pediatric COVID-19 between high-income countries and low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review of fatality and ICU admission in children worldwide," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(1), pages 1-12, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0246326
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246326
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