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Does time management work? A meta-analysis

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  • Brad Aeon
  • Aïda Faber
  • Alexandra Panaccio

Abstract

Does time management work? We conducted a meta-analysis to assess the impact of time management on performance and well-being. Results show that time management is moderately related to job performance, academic achievement, and wellbeing. Time management also shows a moderate, negative relationship with distress. Interestingly, individual differences and contextual factors have a much weaker association with time management, with the notable exception of conscientiousness. The extremely weak correlation with gender was unexpected: women seem to manage time better than men, but the difference is very slight. Further, we found that the link between time management and job performance seems to increase over the years: time management is more likely to get people a positive performance review at work today than in the early 1990s. The link between time management and gender, too, seems to intensify: women’s time management scores have been on the rise for the past few decades. We also note that time management seems to enhance wellbeing—in particular, life satisfaction—to a greater extent than it does performance. This challenges the common perception that time management first and foremost enhances work performance, and that wellbeing is simply a byproduct.

Suggested Citation

  • Brad Aeon & Aïda Faber & Alexandra Panaccio, 2021. "Does time management work? A meta-analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 16(1), pages 1-20, January.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0245066
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0245066
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    Cited by:

    1. Sebastian Trentepohl & Julia Waldeyer & Jens Fleischer & Julian Roelle & Detlev Leutner & Joachim Wirth, 2022. "How Did It Get So Late So Soon? The Effects of Time Management Knowledge and Practice on Students’ Time Management Skills and Academic Performance," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(9), pages 1-20, April.
    2. Bachrach, Daniel G. & Rapp, Tammy L. & Ogilvie, Jessica & Rapp, Adam A., 2024. "It’s about time (management)!: Role overload as a bridge explaining relationships between helping, voice, and objective sales performance," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).

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