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Frequency- and Phase Encoded SSVEP Using Spatiotemporal Beamforming

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  • Benjamin Wittevrongel
  • Marc M Van Hulle

Abstract

In brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) based on steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs) the number of selectable targets is rather limited when each target has its own stimulation frequency. One way to remedy this is by combining frequency- with phase encoding. We introduce a new multivariate spatiotemporal filter, based on Linearly Constrained Minimum Variance (LCMV) beamforming, for discriminating between frequency-phase encoded targets more accurately, even when using short signal lengths than with (extended) Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA), which is traditionally posited for this stimulation paradigm.

Suggested Citation

  • Benjamin Wittevrongel & Marc M Van Hulle, 2016. "Frequency- and Phase Encoded SSVEP Using Spatiotemporal Beamforming," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(8), pages 1-18, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0159988
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0159988
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Zhenghua Wu, 2014. "SSVEP Extraction Based on the Similarity of Background EEG," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(4), pages 1-8, April.
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    Cited by:

    1. Zahra Shirzhiyan & Ahmadreza Keihani & Morteza Farahi & Elham Shamsi & Mina GolMohammadi & Amin Mahnam & Mohsen Reza Haidari & Amir Homayoun Jafari, 2019. "Introducing chaotic codes for the modulation of code modulated visual evoked potentials (c-VEP) in normal adults for visual fatigue reduction," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(3), pages 1-29, March.

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