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Associated Factors and Consequences of Risk of Bias in Randomized Controlled Trials of Yoga: A Systematic Review

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  • Holger Cramer
  • Jost Langhorst
  • Gustav Dobos
  • Romy Lauche

Abstract

Background: Bias in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of complementary therapy interventions seems to be associated with specific factors and to potentially distort the studies’ conclusions. This systematic review assessed associated factors of risk of bias and consequences for the studies’ conclusions in RCTs of yoga as one of the most commonly used complementary therapies. Methods: Medline/PubMed, Scopus, IndMED and the Cochrane Library were searched through February 2014 for yoga RCTs. Risk of selection bias was assessed using the Cochrane tool and regressed to a) publication year; b) country of origin; c) journal type; and d) impact factor using multiple logistic regression analysis. Likewise, the authors’ conclusions were regressed to risk of bias. Results: A total of 312 RCTs were included. Impact factor ranged from 0.0 to 39.2 (median = 1.3); 60 RCT (19.2%) had a low risk of selection bias, and 252 (80.8%) had a high or unclear risk of selection bias. Only publication year and impact factor significantly predicted low risk of bias; RCTs published after 2001 (adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 12.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.7, 94.0; p

Suggested Citation

  • Holger Cramer & Jost Langhorst & Gustav Dobos & Romy Lauche, 2015. "Associated Factors and Consequences of Risk of Bias in Randomized Controlled Trials of Yoga: A Systematic Review," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(12), pages 1-13, December.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0144125
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144125
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    1. E. Ernst & M.H. Pittler, 1997. "Alternative therapy bias," Nature, Nature, vol. 385(6616), pages 480-480, February.
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