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Combination Patterns of Major R Genes Determine the Level of Resistance to the M. oryzae in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)

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  • Yunyu Wu
  • Ning Xiao
  • Ling Yu
  • Cunhong Pan
  • Yuhong Li
  • Xiaoxiang Zhang
  • Guangqing Liu
  • Zhengyuan Dai
  • Xuebiao Pan
  • Aihong Li

Abstract

Rice blast caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is the most devastating disease of rice and poses a serious threat to world food security. In this study, the distribution and effectiveness of 18 R genes in 277 accessions were investigated based on pathogenicity assays and molecular markers. The results showed that most of the accessions exhibited some degree of resistance (resistance frequency, RF >50%). Accordingly, most of the accessions were observed to harbor two or more R genes, and the number of R genes harbored in accessions was significantly positively correlated with RF. Some R genes were demonstrated to be specifically distributed in the genomes of rice sub-species, such as Pigm, Pi9, Pi5 and Pi1, which were only detected in indica-type accessions, and Pik and Piz, which were just harbored in japonica-type accessions. By analyzing the relationship between R genes and RF using a multiple stepwise regression model, the R genes Pid3, Pi5, Pi9, Pi54, Pigm and Pit were found to show the main effects against M. oryzae in indica-type accessions, while Pita, Pb1, Pik, Pizt and Pia were indicated to exhibit the main effects against M. oryzae in japonica-type accessions. Principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis revealed that combination patterns of major R genes were the main factors determining the resistance of rice varieties to M. oryzae, such as ‘Pi9+Pi54’, ‘Pid3+Pigm’, ‘Pi5+Pid3+Pigm’, ‘Pi5+Pi54+Pid3+Pigm’, ‘Pi5+Pid3’ and ‘Pi5+Pit+Pid3’ in indica-type accessions and ‘Pik+Pib’, ‘Pik+Pita’, ‘Pik+Pb1’, ‘Pizt+Pia’ and ‘Pizt+Pita’ in japonica-type accessions, which were able to confer effective resistance against M. oryzae. The above results provide good theoretical support for the rational utilization of combinations of major R genes in developing rice cultivars with broad-spectrum resistance.

Suggested Citation

  • Yunyu Wu & Ning Xiao & Ling Yu & Cunhong Pan & Yuhong Li & Xiaoxiang Zhang & Guangqing Liu & Zhengyuan Dai & Xuebiao Pan & Aihong Li, 2015. "Combination Patterns of Major R Genes Determine the Level of Resistance to the M. oryzae in Rice (Oryza sativa L.)," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(6), pages 1-14, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0126130
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0126130
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    1. Wang, Hui & Mongiano, Gabriele & Fanchini, Davide & Titone, Patrizia & Tamborini, Luigi & Bregaglio, Simone, 2021. "Varietal susceptibility overcomes climate change effects on the future trends of rice blast disease in Northern Italy," Agricultural Systems, Elsevier, vol. 193(C).
    2. Md Azadul Haque & Mohd Y. Rafii & Martini Mohammad Yusoff & Nusaibah Syd Ali & Oladosu Yusuff & Debi Rani Datta & Mohammad Anisuzzaman & Mohammad Ferdous Ikbal, 2021. "Recent Advances in Rice Varietal Development for Durable Resistance to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses through Marker-Assisted Gene Pyramiding," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-25, September.
    3. Chaiwat Netpakdee & Sittiwut Mathasiripakorn & Arthit Sribunrueang & Sompong Chankaew & Tidarat Monkham & Siwaret Arikit & Jirawat Sanitchon, 2022. "QTL-Seq Approach Identified Pi63 Conferring Blast Resistance at the Seedling and Tillering Stages of Thai Indigenous Rice Variety “Phaladum”," Agriculture, MDPI, vol. 12(8), pages 1-14, August.

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