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Monitoring HIV Testing in the United States: Consequences of Methodology Changes to National Surveys

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  • Michelle M Van Handel
  • Bernard M Branson

Abstract

Objective: In 2011, the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS), an in-person household interview, revised the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) section of the survey and the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), a telephone-based survey, added cellphone numbers to its sampling frame. We sought to determine how these changes might affect assessment of HIV testing trends. Methods: We used linear regression with pairwise contrasts with 2003-2013 data from NHIS and BRFSS to compare percentages of persons aged 18-64 years who reported HIV testing in landline versus cellphone-only households before and after 2011, when NHIS revised its in-person questionnaire and BRFSS added cellphone numbers to its telephone-based sample. Results: In NHIS, the percentage of persons in cellphone-only households increased 13-fold from 2003 to 2013. The percentage ever tested for HIV was 6%–10% higher among persons in cellphone-only than landline households. The percentage ever tested for HIV increased significantly from 40.2% in 2003 to 45.0% in 2010, but was significantly lower in 2011 (40.6%) and 2012 (39.7%). In BRFSS, the percentage ever tested decreased significantly from 45.9% in 2003 to 40.2% in 2010, but increased to 42.9% in 2011 and 43.5% in 2013. Conclusions: HIV testing estimates were lower after NHIS questionnaire changes but higher after BRFSS methodology changes. Data before and after 2011 are not comparable, complicating assessment of trends.

Suggested Citation

  • Michelle M Van Handel & Bernard M Branson, 2015. "Monitoring HIV Testing in the United States: Consequences of Methodology Changes to National Surveys," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(4), pages 1-12, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0125637
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125637
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Blumberg, S.J. & Luke, J.V. & Cynamon, M.L., 2006. "Telephone coverage and health survey estimates: Evaluating the need for concern about wireless substitution," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 96(5), pages 926-931.
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