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Incidence and Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease among Aboriginal Peoples in Alberta, Canada

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  • Maria B Ospina
  • Don Voaklander
  • Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan
  • Michael K Stickland
  • Malcolm King
  • Andrew W Harris
  • Brian H Rowe

Abstract

Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major respiratory disorder, largely caused by smoking that has been linked with large health inequalities worldwide. There are important gaps in our knowledge about how COPD affects Aboriginal peoples. This retrospective cohort study assessed the epidemiology of COPD in a cohort of Aboriginal peoples relative to a non-Aboriginal cohort. Methods: We used linkage of administrative health databases in Alberta (Canada) from April 1, 2002 to March 31, 2010 to compare the annual prevalence, and the incidence rates of COPD between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal cohorts aged 35 years and older. Poisson regression models adjusted the analysis for important sociodemographic factors. Results: Compared to a non-Aboriginal cohort, prevalence estimates of COPD from 2002 to 2010 were 2.3 to 2.4 times greater among Registered First Nations peoples, followed by the Inuit (1.86 to 2.10 times higher) and the Métis (1.59 to 1.67 times higher). All Aboriginal peoples had significantly higher COPD incidence rates than the non-Aboriginal group (incidence rate ratio [IRR]: 2.1; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.97, 2.27). COPD incidence rates were higher in First Nation peoples (IRR: 2.37; 95% CI: 2.19, 2.56) followed by Inuit (IRR: 1.92; 95% CI: 1.64, 2.25) and Métis (IRR: 1.49; 95% CI: 1.32, 1.69) groups. Conclusions: We found a high burden of COPD among Aboriginal peoples living in Alberta; a province with the third largest Aboriginal population in Canada. Altogether, the three Aboriginal peoples groups have higher prevalence and incidence of COPD compared to a non-Aboriginal cohort. The condition affects the three Aboriginal groups differently; Registered First Nations and Inuit have the highest burden of COPD. Reasons for these differences should be further explored within a framework of social determinants of health to help designing interventions that effectively influence modifiable COPD risk factors in each of the Aboriginal groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Maria B Ospina & Don Voaklander & Ambikaipakan Senthilselvan & Michael K Stickland & Malcolm King & Andrew W Harris & Brian H Rowe, 2015. "Incidence and Prevalence of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease among Aboriginal Peoples in Alberta, Canada," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(4), pages 1-13, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0123204
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0123204
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    1. Naiela Anwar & Shelley Kirychuk & Chandima P. Karunanayake & Vivian Ramsden & Brooke Thompson & Eric Russell & Kathleen McMullin & Donna Rennie & Jeremy Seeseequasis & Mark Fenton & Sylvia Abonyi & Pu, 2021. "Associations between Housing Factors and Respiratory Symptoms in Two Saskatchewan First Nations Communities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(7), pages 1-10, April.
    2. Ta-Chien Chan & Hsuan-Wen Wang & Tzu-Jung Tseng & Po-Huang Chiang, 2015. "Spatial Clustering and Local Risk Factors of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 12(12), pages 1-12, December.
    3. Jesus Serrano-Lomelin & Charlene C. Nielsen & Anne Hicks & Susan Crawford & Jeffrey A. Bakal & Maria B. Ospina, 2020. "Geographic Inequalities of Respiratory Health Services Utilization during Childhood in Edmonton and Calgary, Canada: A Tale of Two Cities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(23), pages 1-17, December.

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