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Socioeconomic Differentials in Smoking Duration among Adult Male Smokers in China: Result from the 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey

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  • Hong Guo
  • Zhihong Sa

Abstract

Background: A smoker’s risk of diseases and death from smoking is closely related to his/her smoking duration. But little is known about the average length of smoking and the association between smoking duration and socio-economic status (SES) among Chinese smokers. Methods: A sample of male ever smokers (N = 2,637) aged 18+ years was drawn from the 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey to examine the average length of smoking and socioeconomic differentials in smoking duration. Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to obtain median smoking duration. Log-logistic regression models were employed to estimate the relative duration of smoking, adjusted for demographic characteristics, smoking history, and health status. Results: Results showed that Chinese male ever smokers aged 18 years and older had a median duration of smoking of 58 years (95% CI: 56–61). Male ever smokers with a lower status job (i.e. farmers, manual and skilled workers, service workers, and office staff) had a significantly longer duration of smoking than those with a professional or administrative job after adjusted for demographic characteristics, smoking history, and health status. Individuals who earned the lowest income and who had no education or were being illiterate smoked for 11% and 14% longer, respectively, relative to those who had the highest income or who had college or above education. Conclusion: The findings demonstrated the problem of long smoking duration and a pattern of social disparities in smoking duration among Chinese male smokers. Social disparities in smoking behavior may exacerbate the already existing social inequalities in health. Thus, policies and interventions to promote smoking cessation should pay more attention to disadvantaged social groups.

Suggested Citation

  • Hong Guo & Zhihong Sa, 2015. "Socioeconomic Differentials in Smoking Duration among Adult Male Smokers in China: Result from the 2006 China Health and Nutrition Survey," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 10(1), pages 1-11, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0117354
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0117354
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Barbara Entwisle & Feinian Chen, 2002. "Work Patterns Following a Birth in Urban and Rural China: A Longitudinal Study," European Journal of Population, Springer;European Association for Population Studies, vol. 18(2), pages 99-119, June.
    2. Kendzor, D.E. & Businelle, M.S. & Costello, T.J. & Castro, Y. & Reitzel, L.R. & Cofta-Woerpel, L.M. & Li, Y. & Mazas, C.A. & Vidrine, J.I. & Cinciripini, P.M. & Greisinger, A.J. & Wetter, D.W., 2010. "Financial strain and smoking cessation among racially/ethnically diverse smokers," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 100(4), pages 702-706.
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    Cited by:

    1. Ricardo Goncalves & Peter J. Simmons & Yuanyuan Xie, 2017. "Rebel with(out) a cause? Inter-generational smoking dependence in Chinese households," Discussion Papers 17/20, Department of Economics, University of York.
    2. Muxing Xie & Chunrong Jia & Yawei Zhang & Beibei Wang & Ning Qin & Suzhen Cao & Liyun Zhao & Dongmei Yu & Xiaoli Duan, 2020. "Household Exposure to Secondhand Smoke among Chinese Children: Status, Determinants, and Co-Exposures," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(15), pages 1-12, July.
    3. Ping He & Yanan Luo & Xiangyang Hu & Rui Gong & Xu Wen & Xiaoying Zheng, 2018. "Association of socioeconomic status with hearing loss in Chinese working-aged adults: A population-based study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(3), pages 1-12, March.
    4. Ren, Yanjun & Castro Campos, Bente & Loy, Jens-Peter & Wang, Xiaobing, 2020. "Start Smoking Earlier, Smoke More: Does Education Matter?," 2020 Annual Meeting, July 26-28, Kansas City, Missouri 304237, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    5. Raquel de Luna Antonio & Sabine Pompeia, 2019. "A fractionated analysis of hot and cool self-regulation in cigarette smokers from different socioeconomic backgrounds," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(8), pages 1-27, August.

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