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Maternal Benzene Exposure during Pregnancy and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies

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  • Yanfeng Zhou
  • Shaozun Zhang
  • Zhen Li
  • Jie Zhu
  • Yongyi Bi
  • YuE Bai
  • Hong Wang

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of childhood leukemia is increasing rapidly all over the world. However, studies on maternal benzene exposure during pregnancy and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) have not been systematically assessed. Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to investigate the association between maternal solvent, paint, petroleum exposure, and smoking during pregnancy and risk of childhood ALL. Methods: Relevant studies up to September 1st, 2013 were identified by searching the PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane library and the Web of Science databases. The effects were pooled using either fixed or random effect models based on the heterogeneity of the studies. Results: Twenty-eight case-control studies and one cohort study were included for analysis, with a total of 16,695 cases and 1,472,786 controls involved. Pooled odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) for ALL was 1.25 (1.09, 1.45) for solvent, 1.23 (1.02, 1.47) for paint, 1.42 (1.10, 1.84) for petroleum exposure, and 0.99 (0.93, 1.06) for maternal smoking during pregnancy. No publication bias was found in this meta-analysis and consistent results were observed for subgroup and sensitivity analyses. Conclusions: Childhood ALL was associated with maternal solvent, paint, and petroleum exposure during pregnancy. No association was found between ALL and maternal smoking during pregnancy. Avoidance of maternal occupational and environmental benzene exposure during pregnancy could contribute to a decrease in the risk of childhood ALL.

Suggested Citation

  • Yanfeng Zhou & Shaozun Zhang & Zhen Li & Jie Zhu & Yongyi Bi & YuE Bai & Hong Wang, 2014. "Maternal Benzene Exposure during Pregnancy and Risk of Childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: A Meta-Analysis of Epidemiologic Studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(10), pages 1-11, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0110466
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0110466
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    1. Freedman, D.M. & Stewart, P. & Kleinerman, R.A. & Wacholder, S. & Hatch, E.E. & Tarone, R.E. & Robison, L.L. & Linet, M.S., 2001. "Household solvent exposures and childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 91(4), pages 564-567.
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    Cited by:

    1. Liping Pang & Chenyuan Yang & Xiaodong Cao & Qing Tian & Bo Li, 2020. "Experimental Investigation of Air Quality in a Subway Station with Fully Enclosed Platform Screen Doors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(14), pages 1-15, July.
    2. Rayne Holland & M. Anwar H. Khan & James C. Matthews & Sophia Bonifacio & Rhian Walters & Priya Koria & Joanna Clowes & Karla Rodgers & Temi Jones & Leeya Patel & Rhianna Cross & Freya Sandberg & Dudl, 2022. "Investigating the Variation of Benzene and 1,3-Butadiene in the UK during 2000–2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(19), pages 1-17, September.

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