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Associations between Depression and Diabetes in the Community: Do Symptom Dimensions Matter? Results from the Gutenberg Health Study

Author

Listed:
  • Jörg Wiltink
  • Matthias Michal
  • Philipp S Wild
  • Astrid Schneider
  • Jochem König
  • Maria Blettner
  • Thomas Münzel
  • Andreas Schulz
  • Matthias Weber
  • Christian Fottner
  • Norbert Pfeiffer
  • Karl Lackner
  • Manfred E Beutel

Abstract

Objectives: While a bidirectional relationship between diabetes and depression has been established, there is little knowledge if the associations are due to somatic-affective or cognitive-affective dimensions of depression. Research Design and Methods: In a population-based, representative survey of 15.010 participants we therefore studied the associations of the two dimensions of depression with diabetes and health care utilization among depressed and diabetic participants. Depression was assessed by the Patient Health Questionnaire PHQ-9. Results: We found a linear and consistent association between the intensity of depression and the presence of diabetes increasing from 6.9% in no or minimal depression to 7.6% in mild, 9% in moderate and 10.5% in severe depression. There was a strong positive association between somatic-affective symptoms but not with cognitive-affective symptoms and diabetes. Depression and diabetes were both independently related to somatic health care utilisation. Conclusions: Diabetes and depression are associated, and the association is primarily driven by the somatic-affective component of depression. The main limitation of our study pertains to the cross-sectional data acquisition. Further longitudinal work on the relationship of obesity and diabetes should differentiate the somatic and the cognitive symptoms of depression.

Suggested Citation

  • Jörg Wiltink & Matthias Michal & Philipp S Wild & Astrid Schneider & Jochem König & Maria Blettner & Thomas Münzel & Andreas Schulz & Matthias Weber & Christian Fottner & Norbert Pfeiffer & Karl Lackn, 2014. "Associations between Depression and Diabetes in the Community: Do Symptom Dimensions Matter? Results from the Gutenberg Health Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 9(8), pages 1-6, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0105499
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0105499
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Mareike Hofmann & Birgit Köhler & Falk Leichsenring & Johannes Kruse, 2013. "Depression as a Risk Factor for Mortality in Individuals with Diabetes: A Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(11), pages 1-7, November.
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