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Vitamin D and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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  • Peter Bergman
  • Åsa U Lindh
  • Linda Björkhem-Bergman
  • Jonatan D Lindh

Abstract

Background: Low levels of 25-OH vitamin D are associated with respiratory tract infection (RTI). However, results from randomized controlled trials are inconclusive. Therefore, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the preventive effect of vitamin D supplementation on RTI. Methods: Randomized, controlled trials of vitamin D for prevention of RTI were used for the analysis. The risks of within-trial and publication bias were assessed. Odds ratios of RTI were pooled using a random-effects model. Heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and I2. Meta-regressions and subgroup analyses were used to assess the influence of various factors on trial outcome. The pre-defined review protocol was registered at the PROSPERO international prospective register of systematic reviews, registration number CRD42013003530. Findings: Of 1137 citations retrieved, 11 placebo-controlled studies of 5660 patients were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, vitamin D showed a protective effect against RTI (OR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.49 to 0.84). There was significant heterogeneity among studies (Cohran's Q p

Suggested Citation

  • Peter Bergman & Åsa U Lindh & Linda Björkhem-Bergman & Jonatan D Lindh, 2013. "Vitamin D and Respiratory Tract Infections: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(6), pages 1-9, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0065835
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0065835
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    Cited by:

    1. Danielle Vuichard Gysin & Dyda Dao & Christian Michael Gysin & Lyubov Lytvyn & Mark Loeb, 2016. "Effect of Vitamin D3 Supplementation on Respiratory Tract Infections in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 11(9), pages 1-17, September.

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