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Micromechanics of Sea Urchin Spines

Author

Listed:
  • Naomi Tsafnat
  • John D Fitz Gerald
  • Hai N Le
  • Zbigniew H Stachurski

Abstract

The endoskeletal structure of the Sea Urchin, Centrostephanus rodgersii, has numerous long spines whose known functions include locomotion, sensing, and protection against predators. These spines have a remarkable internal microstructure and are made of single-crystal calcite. A finite-element model of the spine’s unique porous structure, based on micro-computed tomography (microCT) and incorporating anisotropic material properties, was developed to study its response to mechanical loading. Simulations show that high stress concentrations occur at certain points in the spine’s architecture; brittle cracking would likely initiate in these regions. These analyses demonstrate that the organization of single-crystal calcite in the unique, intricate morphology of the sea urchin spine results in a strong, stiff and lightweight structure that enhances its strength despite the brittleness of its constituent material.

Suggested Citation

  • Naomi Tsafnat & John D Fitz Gerald & Hai N Le & Zbigniew H Stachurski, 2012. "Micromechanics of Sea Urchin Spines," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(9), pages 1-10, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0044140
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044140
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    Cited by:

    1. Tobias B Grun & James H Nebelsick, 2018. "Structural design of the echinoid’s trabecular system," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(9), pages 1-18, September.

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