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Incidence of Influenza in Healthy Adults and Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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  • Stefan P Kuster
  • Prakesh S Shah
  • Brenda L Coleman
  • Po-Po Lam
  • Agnes Tong
  • Anne Wormsbecker
  • Allison McGeer

Abstract

Background: Working in healthcare is often considered a risk factor for influenza; however, this risk has not been quantified. We aimed to systematically review evidence describing the annual incidence of influenza among healthy adults and healthcare workers (HCWs). Methods and Findings: We searched OVID MEDLINE (1950 to 2010), EMBASE (1947 to 2010) and reference lists of identified articles. Observational studies or randomized trials reporting full season or annual influenza infection rates for healthy, working age adult subjects and HCWs were included. Influenza infection was defined as a four-fold rise in antibody titer, or positive viral culture or polymerase chain reaction. Conclusions: Compared to adults working in non-healthcare settings, HCWs are at significantly higher risk of influenza.

Suggested Citation

  • Stefan P Kuster & Prakesh S Shah & Brenda L Coleman & Po-Po Lam & Agnes Tong & Anne Wormsbecker & Allison McGeer, 2011. "Incidence of Influenza in Healthy Adults and Healthcare Workers: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 6(10), pages 1-9, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0026239
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0026239
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    Cited by:

    1. Naomi J Anderson & David K Bonauto & Z Joyce Fan & June T Spector, 2012. "Distribution of Influenza-Like Illness (ILI) by Occupation in Washington State, September 2009–August 2010," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(11), pages 1-10, November.

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