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The Terneuzen Birth Cohort: BMI Changes between 2 and 6 Years Correlate Strongest with Adult Overweight

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  • Marlou L A De Kroon
  • Carry M Renders
  • Jacobus P Van Wouwe
  • Stef Van Buuren
  • Remy A Hirasing

Abstract

Background: Complications of overweight amplify with age, and irreversible damage already exists in young persons. Identifying the most sensitive age interval(s) for adult overweight is relevant for primary prevention. The aim of the study was to assess the relative contribution of body mass index (BMI) changes between 0 and 18 years to adult overweight, and to identify the earliest critical growth period. Methods and Findings: Data from 762 subjects in the Terneuzen Birth Cohort with an average of 21 growth measurements per subject from birth until 18 years were used. The main outcome measure was the BMI standard deviation score (SDS) at young adulthood. For each subject BMI SDS was fitted by a piecewise linear model at eight different ages and correlated to adult BMI SDS. The age intervals in between are considered critical according to three criteria, tested by respectively Students' t-tests, multiple linear regression analyses and Pearson's correlation tests. In the age intervals 4 months(m) -1 year(y), 2–6 y, 6–10 y and 10–18 y the BMI SDS change differs between adults with and without overweight (P≤0.001). The age intervals 2–6 y and 10–18 y also meet the second criterion, implying that the BMI change during this period has a predictive value for adult BMI SDS in addition to BMI SDS at the end of the period. The largest rise in correlation between estimated BMI SDS and measured adult BMI SDS occurs during the period 2–6 y (from 0.36 to 0.63), which results in a high sensitivity (0.6) and specificity (0.8) by the age of 6 y. Conclusions/Significance: The age interval from 2 y to 6 y is the earliest and most critical growth period for adult overweight. Therefore, primary prevention of adult overweight seems most likely to be successful if targeted at this specific age interval. By identifying those with an upwards centile crossing between 2 and 6 years, the development towards adult overweight might be reversed.

Suggested Citation

  • Marlou L A De Kroon & Carry M Renders & Jacobus P Van Wouwe & Stef Van Buuren & Remy A Hirasing, 2010. "The Terneuzen Birth Cohort: BMI Changes between 2 and 6 Years Correlate Strongest with Adult Overweight," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 5(2), pages 1-8, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:plo:pone00:0009155
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0009155
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    1. Camfferman, Roxanna & Jansen, Pauline W. & Rippe, Ralph C.A. & Mesman, Judi & Derks, Ivonne P.M. & Tiemeier, Henning & Jaddoe, Vincent & van der Veek, Shelley M.C., 2016. "The association between overweight and internalizing and externalizing behavior in early childhood," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 168(C), pages 35-42.
    2. Nicole Toussaint & Martinette T. Streppel & Sandra Mul & Ruben G. Fukkink & Peter J.M. Weijs & Mirka Janssen, 2020. "The Effects of the PLAYTOD Program on Children’s Physical Activity at Preschool Playgrounds in a Deprived Urban Area: A Randomized Controlled Trial," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(1), pages 1-13, January.
    3. Ilona Van de Kolk & Anne J. M. Goossens & Sanne M. P. L. Gerards & Stef P. J. Kremers & Roos M. P. Manders & Jessica S. Gubbels, 2018. "Healthy Nutrition and Physical Activity in Childcare: Views from Childcare Managers, Childcare Workers and Parents on Influential Factors," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 15(12), pages 1-17, December.
    4. Schwiebbe, Luuk & Talma, Henk & van Mil, Edgar G. & Fetter, Willem P.F. & HiraSing, Remy A. & Renders, Carry M., 2013. "Diagnostic procedures and treatment of childhood obesity by pediatricians: ‘The Dutch Approach’," Health Policy, Elsevier, vol. 111(2), pages 110-115.
    5. Ilona van de Kolk & Sanne M. P. L. Gerards & Lisa S. E. Harms & Stef P. J. Kremers & Angela M. H. S. van Dinther-Erkens & Monique Snellings & Jessica S. Gubbels, 2020. "Study Protocol for the Evaluation of “SuperFIT”, a Multicomponent Nutrition and Physical Activity Intervention Approach for Preschools and Families," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(2), pages 1-15, January.

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