Author
Listed:
- Tooran Nayeri Chegeni
- Shahabeddin Sarvi
- Afsaneh Amouei
- Mahmood Moosazadeh
- Zahra Hosseininejad
- Sargis A. Aghayan
- Ahmad Daryani
Abstract
Background: A few studies investigated the relationship between toxoplasmosis and mental disorders, such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD). However, the specific nature of the association between Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) infection and OCD is not yet clear. The aim of this study was to collect information on the relationship between OCD and toxoplasmosis and assess whether patients with toxoplasmosis are prone to OCD. Methods: For the purpose of this study, 6 major electronic databases and the Internet search engine Google Scholar were searched for the published articles up to July 30th, 2018 with no restriction of language. The inverse variance method and the random effect model were used to combine the data. The values of odds ratio (OR) were estimated at 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: A total of 9 case-control and 3 cross-sectional studies were included in our systematic review. However, 11 of these 12 articles were entered into the meta-analysis containing 9873 participants, out of whom 389 were with OCD (25.96% positive for toxoplasmosis) and 9484 were without OCD (17.12% positive for toxoplasmosis). The estimation of the random effect model indicated a significant common OR of 1.96 [95% CI: 1.32–2.90]. Conclusion: This systematic review and meta-analysis revealed that toxoplasmosis could be as an associated factor for OCD (OR = 1.96). However, further prospective investigations are highly recommended to illuminate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of T. gondii infection in OCD and to better investigate the relationship between OCD and T. gondii infection. Author summary: Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an obligate neurotropic parasite that infected about 25–30% of the total human population in the developed and developing countries. The obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disease that affects the income and quality of life. Some studies confirmed an association between infectious agents as the associated or protective factors specifying the development of psychiatry diseases. Among various pathogens associated with psychological disorders, most of the attention is on T. gondii, which has a life-long asymptomatic latent phase after a short acute stage in healthy individuals. The detrimental effect of T. gondii on immunocompromised people and pregnant women is an important concern for public health. The correlation between toxoplasmosis and OCD is still relatively understudied with a paucity of documented findings. The previous meta-analysis reviewed only two studies and reported a 3.4-fold greater chance of OCD. The results of our study presented stronger evidence of a positive relationship between toxoplasmosis and OCD. Eventually, our research team hopes to present an overview of what is known and encourage more intensive research to determine the real impact of this parasite on the occurrence of OCD that may contribute to the prevention of OCD worldwide.
Suggested Citation
Tooran Nayeri Chegeni & Shahabeddin Sarvi & Afsaneh Amouei & Mahmood Moosazadeh & Zahra Hosseininejad & Sargis A. Aghayan & Ahmad Daryani, 2019.
"Relationship between toxoplasmosis and obsessive compulsive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis,"
PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 13(4), pages 1-13, April.
Handle:
RePEc:plo:pntd00:0007306
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0007306
Download full text from publisher
Citations
Citations are extracted by the
CitEc Project, subscribe to its
RSS feed for this item.
Cited by:
- Amani Babekir & Sayed Mostafa & Radiah C. Minor & Leonard L. Williams & Scott H. Harrison & Emmanuel Obeng-Gyasi, 2022.
"The Association of Toxoplasma gondii IgG and Liver Injury in US Adults,"
IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(12), pages 1-14, June.
- Tooran Nayeri Chegeni & Mehdi Sharif & Shahabeddin Sarvi & Mahmood Moosazadeh & Mahbobeh Montazeri & Sargis A Aghayan & Nader Jafari Balalami & Shirzad Gholami & Zahra Hosseininejad & Reza Saberi & Da, 2019.
"Is there any association between Toxoplasma gondii infection and depression? A systematic review and meta-analysis,"
PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 14(6), pages 1-17, June.
Most related items
These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
Corrections
All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:plo:pntd00:0007306. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.
If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.
If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .
If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.
For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: plosntds (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://journals.plos.org/plosntds/ .
Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through
the various RePEc services.