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Spatial Analysis Spotlighting Early Childhood Leprosy Transmission in a Hyperendemic Municipality of the Brazilian Amazon Region

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  • Josafá Gonçalves Barreto
  • Donal Bisanzio
  • Layana de Souza Guimarães
  • John Stewart Spencer
  • Gonzalo M Vazquez-Prokopec
  • Uriel Kitron
  • Claudio Guedes Salgado

Abstract

Background: More than 200,000 new cases of leprosy were reported by 105 countries in 2011. The disease is a public health problem in Brazil, particularly within high-burden pockets in the Amazon region where leprosy is hyperendemic among children. Methodology: We applied geographic information systems and spatial analysis to determine the spatio-temporal pattern of leprosy cases in a hyperendemic municipality of the Brazilian Amazon region (Castanhal). Moreover, we performed active surveillance to collect clinical, epidemiological and serological data of the household contacts of people affected by leprosy and school children in the general population. The occurrence of subclinical infection and overt disease among the evaluated individuals was correlated with the spatio-temporal pattern of leprosy. Principal Findings: The pattern of leprosy cases showed significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity (p

Suggested Citation

  • Josafá Gonçalves Barreto & Donal Bisanzio & Layana de Souza Guimarães & John Stewart Spencer & Gonzalo M Vazquez-Prokopec & Uriel Kitron & Claudio Guedes Salgado, 2014. "Spatial Analysis Spotlighting Early Childhood Leprosy Transmission in a Hyperendemic Municipality of the Brazilian Amazon Region," PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(2), pages 1-10, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pntd00:0002665
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002665
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