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Importance of Coverage and Endemicity on the Return of Infectious Trachoma after a Single Mass Antibiotic Distribution

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Listed:
  • Takele Lakew
  • Wondu Alemayehu
  • Muluken Melese
  • Elizabeth Yi
  • Jenafir I House
  • Kevin C Hong
  • Zhaoxia Zhou
  • Kathryn J Ray
  • Travis C Porco
  • Bruce D Gaynor
  • Thomas M Lietman
  • Jeremy D Keenan

Abstract

Background: As part of the SAFE strategy, mass antibiotic treatments are useful in controlling the ocular strains of chlamydia that cause trachoma. The World Health Organization recommends treating at least 80% of individuals per community. However, the role of antibiotic coverage for trachoma control has been poorly characterized. Methodology/Principal Findings: In a collection of cluster-randomized clinical trials, mass oral azithromycin was administered to 40 villages in Ethiopia. The village prevalence of ocular chlamydia was determined before treatment, and at two and six months post-treatment. The mean prevalence of ocular chlamydia was 48.9% (95% CI 42.8 to 55.0%) before mass treatments, decreased to 5.4% (95% CI 3.9 to 7.0%) at two months after treatments (p

Suggested Citation

  • Takele Lakew & Wondu Alemayehu & Muluken Melese & Elizabeth Yi & Jenafir I House & Kevin C Hong & Zhaoxia Zhou & Kathryn J Ray & Travis C Porco & Bruce D Gaynor & Thomas M Lietman & Jeremy D Keenan, 2009. "Importance of Coverage and Endemicity on the Return of Infectious Trachoma after a Single Mass Antibiotic Distribution," PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases, Public Library of Science, vol. 3(8), pages 1-5, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pntd00:0000507
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000507
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