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Conditional cash transfer program and child mortality: A cross-sectional analysis nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort

Author

Listed:
  • Dandara Ramos
  • Nívea B da Silva
  • Maria Yury Ichihara
  • Rosemeire L Fiaccone
  • Daniela Almeida
  • Samila Sena
  • Poliana Rebouças
  • Elzo Pereira Pinto Júnior
  • Enny S Paixão
  • Sanni Ali
  • Laura C Rodrigues
  • Maurício L Barreto

Abstract

Background: Brazil has made great progress in reducing child mortality over the past decades, and a parcel of this achievement has been credited to the Bolsa Família program (BFP). We examined the association between being a BFP beneficiary and child mortality (1–4 years of age), also examining how this association differs by maternal race/skin color, gestational age at birth (term versus preterm), municipality income level, and index of quality of BFP management. Methods and findings: This is a cross-sectional analysis nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort, a population-based cohort primarily built from Brazil’s Unified Registry for Social Programs (Cadastro Único). We analyzed data from 6,309,366 children under 5 years of age whose families enrolled between 2006 and 2015. Through deterministic linkage with the BFP payroll datasets, and similarity linkage with the Brazilian Mortality Information System, 4,858,253 children were identified as beneficiaries (77%) and 1,451,113 (23%) were not. Our analysis consisted of a combination of kernel matching and weighted logistic regressions. After kernel matching, 5,308,989 (84.1%) children were included in the final weighted logistic analysis, with 4,107,920 (77.4%) of those being beneficiaries and 1,201,069 (22.6%) not, with a total of 14,897 linked deaths. Overall, BFP participation was associated with a reduction in child mortality (weighted odds ratio [OR] = 0.83; 95% CI: 0.79 to 0.88; p

Suggested Citation

  • Dandara Ramos & Nívea B da Silva & Maria Yury Ichihara & Rosemeire L Fiaccone & Daniela Almeida & Samila Sena & Poliana Rebouças & Elzo Pereira Pinto Júnior & Enny S Paixão & Sanni Ali & Laura C Rodri, 2021. "Conditional cash transfer program and child mortality: A cross-sectional analysis nested within the 100 Million Brazilian Cohort," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 18(9), pages 1-20, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pmed00:1003509
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003509
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    1. Rosenberg, Molly & Beidelman, Erika & Chen, Xiwei & Canning, David & Kobayashi, Lindsay & Kahn, Kathleen & Pettifor, Audrey & Kabudula, Chodziwadziwa Whiteson, 2023. "The impact of a randomized cash transfer intervention on mortality of adult household members in rural South Africa, 2011–2022," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 324(C).

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