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The association between long-term exposure to low-level PM2.5 and mortality in the state of Queensland, Australia: A modelling study with the difference-in-differences approach

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  • Wenhua Yu
  • Yuming Guo
  • Liuhua Shi
  • Shanshan Li

Abstract

Background: To date, few studies have investigated the causal relationship between mortality and long-term exposure to a low level of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) concentrations. Methods and findings: We studied 242,320 registered deaths in Queensland between January 1, 1998, and December 31, 2013, with satellite-retrieved annual average PM2.5 concentrations to each postcode. A variant of difference-in-differences (DID) approach was used to investigate the association of long-term PM2.5 exposure with total mortality and cause-specific (cardiovascular, respiratory, and non-accidental) mortality. We observed 217,510 non-accidental deaths, 133,661 cardiovascular deaths, and 30,748 respiratory deaths in Queensland during the study period. The annual average PM2.5 concentrations ranged from 1.6 to 9.0 μg/m3, which were well below the current World Health Organization (WHO) annual standard (10 μg/m3). Long-term exposure to PM2.5 was associated with increased total mortality and cause-specific mortality. For each 1 μg/m3 increase in annual PM2.5, we found a 2.02% (95% CI 1.41%–2.63%; p

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  • Wenhua Yu & Yuming Guo & Liuhua Shi & Shanshan Li, 2020. "The association between long-term exposure to low-level PM2.5 and mortality in the state of Queensland, Australia: A modelling study with the difference-in-differences approach," PLOS Medicine, Public Library of Science, vol. 17(6), pages 1-19, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:plo:pmed00:1003141
    DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1003141
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    Cited by:

    1. Maeve G. MacMurdo & Karen B. Mulloy & Daniel A. Culver & Charles W. Felix & Andrew J. Curtis & Jayakrishnan Ajayakumar & Jacqueline Curtis, 2022. "Mapping Mobility: Utilizing Local-Knowledge-Derived Activity Space to Estimate Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution among Individuals Experiencing Unsheltered Homelessness," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(10), pages 1-9, May.
    2. Thomas M. T. Lei & Jianxiu Cai & Altaf Hossain Molla & Tonni Agustiono Kurniawan & Steven Soon-Kai Kong, 2024. "Evaluation of Machine Learning Models in Air Pollution Prediction for a Case Study of Macau as an Effort to Comply with UN Sustainable Development Goals," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 16(17), pages 1-15, August.
    3. Alimata Sidibe & Yosuke Sakamoto & Kentaro Murano & Ousmane A. Koita & Ibrahim Traore & Yacouba Dansoko & Yoshizumi Kajii, 2022. "Personal Exposure to Fine Particles (PM 2.5 ) in Northwest Africa: Case of the Urban City of Bamako in Mali," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-17, January.
    4. Bowen He & Qun Guan, 2021. "A Risk and Decision Analysis Framework to Evaluate Future PM 2.5 Risk: A Case Study in Los Angeles-Long Beach Metro Area," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(9), pages 1-23, May.
    5. Hannah M. Mason & Jemma C. King & Amy E. Peden & Kerrianne Watt & Emma Bosley & Gerard Fitzgerald & John Nairn & Lauren Miller & Nicole Mandalios & Richard C. Franklin, 2023. "Determining the Impact of Heatwaves on Emergency Ambulance Calls in Queensland: A Retrospective Population-Based Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(6), pages 1-16, March.
    6. Chunsheng Fang & Liyuan Wang & Zhuoqiong Li & Ju Wang, 2021. "Spatial Characteristics and Regional Transmission Analysis of PM 2.5 Pollution in Northeast China, 2016–2020," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(23), pages 1-15, November.

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