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Determinants of Littering: An Experimental Analysis

Author

Listed:
  • Fatima Salim Khawaja

    (Department of Economics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad)

  • Anwar Shah

    (Department of Economics, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad)

Abstract

Littering, the improper disposal of small quantities of waste, is one of the main causes of environmental degradation. To protect the environment from this degradation, we need to factor out the determinants of littering behaviour. In this study, we conduct a controlled laboratory experiment to examine whether people would avoid littering if the social cost of this behaviour was internalised. Based on the microeconomic theory relating to externality, we test whether penalising littering decreases its level compared to when it is not.. The results indicate that when the cost of production of littering is internalised, the level of littering drops.

Suggested Citation

  • Fatima Salim Khawaja & Anwar Shah, 2013. "Determinants of Littering: An Experimental Analysis," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 52(2), pages 157-168.
    • Handle: RePEc:pid:journl:v:52:y:2013:i:2:p:157-168
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    File URL: http://www.pide.org.pk/pdf/PDR/2013/Volume2/157-168.pdf
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Fadzai M. Zambezi & Norah Muisa-Zikali & Beaven Utete, 2021. "Effectiveness of community participation as anti-litter monitors in solid waste management in metropolitan areas in a developing country," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(1), pages 747-764, January.
    2. Herry Achmad Buchory, 2020. "Anomalies of Banking Intermediation and Profit Growth (Study on the 10 Largest Banks in Indonesia)," GATR Journals jfbr168, Global Academy of Training and Research (GATR) Enterprise.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Litter; Externality; Private Cost; Internalisation; Experiment; Baseline Treatment; Cost Treatment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C92 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Laboratory, Group Behavior
    • D62 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Externalities

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