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Export Competitiveness and Comparative Advantage of Pakistan’s Non-agricultural Production Sectors: Trends and Analysis

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  • Amir Mahmood

    (Newcastle Graduate School of Business, University of Newcastle, NSW 2300, Australia.)

Abstract

This paper analyses export specialisation of Pakistan’s non-agriculture production sectors during 1990-2000, by using the revealed comparative advantage (RCA) approach at HS 4-digit level. The paper provides an insight into the challenges and opportunities that Pakistan’s non-agricultural sectors face as they become rapidly integrated into global markets. The paper identifies those non-agricultural export categories in which Pakistan is losing, gaining, or maintaining its export competitiveness. The study examines the extent to which Pakistan’s leading non-agriculture product lines have witnessed a shift in comparative advantage away from the traditional labour-intensive production to the export of technologybased production activities. The study also provides an in-depth investigation of export specialisation of Pakistan’s non-agriculture production sectors by dividing key HS 4-digit non-agricultural product lines into six distinct groups based on their position in Pakistan’s RCA profile. To assess the relative competitive position of various manufacturing and mining activities, the study also provides a comprehensive analysis at the sectoral level.

Suggested Citation

  • Amir Mahmood, 2004. "Export Competitiveness and Comparative Advantage of Pakistan’s Non-agricultural Production Sectors: Trends and Analysis," The Pakistan Development Review, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, vol. 43(4), pages 541-561.
    • Handle: RePEc:pid:journl:v:43:y:2004:i:4:p:541-561
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Lall, Sanjaya, 1998. "Exports of Manufactures by Developing Countries: Emerging Patterns of Trade and Location," Oxford Review of Economic Policy, Oxford University Press and Oxford Review of Economic Policy Limited, vol. 14(2), pages 54-73, Summer.
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    3. Hoekman, Bernard & Djankov, Simeon, 1997. "Determinants of the Export Structure of Countries in Central and Eastern Europe," The World Bank Economic Review, World Bank, vol. 11(3), pages 471-487, September.
    4. Balassa, Bela & Noland, Marcus, 1989. "The changing comparative advantage of Japan and the United States," Journal of the Japanese and International Economies, Elsevier, vol. 3(2), pages 174-188, June.
    5. Lee, Jaimin, 1995. "Comparative advantage in manufacturing as a determinant of industrialization: The Korean case," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 23(7), pages 1195-1214, July.
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    Cited by:

    1. Khurram Shahzad, 2015. "An RCA Analysis of Textiles and Clothing in Pakistan, India, and Bangladesh," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 20(1), pages 157-168, Jan-June.
    2. repec:lje:journl:v:19:y:2014:i:sp:p:327-348 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Munir, Kashif & Sultan, Maryam, 2016. "Export Performance with Border Sharing Countries: An Assessment of Pakistan," MPRA Paper 69535, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    4. repec:lje:journl:v:20:y:2015:i:1:p:157-168 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Akmal, Nadeem & Akhtar, Waqar & Shah, Hassnain & Niazi, Muhammad Azam & Saleem, Tariq, 2014. "The Structure and Competitiveness of Pakistan’s Basmati Rice Exports," Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development, Asian Economic and Social Society (AESS), vol. 4(04), pages 1-9, April.

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