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Changes in comparative advantages of the Polish food sector in world trade

Author

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  • Iwona Szczepaniak

    (Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics – National Research Institute, Poland)

Abstract

Research background: The period after Poland's accession to the European Union is a period of systematic development of Polish foreign trade in food products. Positive changes were visible already in the first year, but trade turnover and the balance of food exchange were even more dynamic in the subsequent years of Poland's membership in the EU. Purpose of the article: One way to assess the competitiveness of Polish food sector is the analysis of comparative advantages (relative) in the trade of products of this sector. So the aim of the presented research is to assess the comparative ad-vantages of the Polish food sector (including its most important chapters). Methods: The analysis of comparative advantages was based on relative trade advantage index (RTA) and the Lafay trade balance index (TBI). The analyses cover the years 2004–2017. The data source was the WITS-Comtrade trading database, in which trade flows are expressed in USD. The analysis was carried out at the HS chapter level. Findings & Value added: The analysis of comparative advantages in the Polish trade in food products showed that during the membership in the European Union Poland had relative comparative advantages in the food trade on the world market. In the years 2004–2017 Polish export in agri-food products increased more than 4.5 times and the positive balance of trade in these products increased more than 9.0 times. Products in trade of which Poland had comparative advantages in 2017 accounted for 55.5% of trade of the Polish agri-food sector in the global market, i.e. by 12.8% more than in the year of accession of Poland to the EU. The dynamic development of trade in food products after Poland's accession to the EU, as well as significant comparative advantages in trade in these products, testify to the competitiveness and high importance of the Polish food sector for the national economy.

Suggested Citation

  • Iwona Szczepaniak, 2019. "Changes in comparative advantages of the Polish food sector in world trade," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 14(3), pages 463-480, September.
    • Handle: RePEc:pes:ierequ:v:14:y:2019:i:3:p:463-480
    DOI: 10.24136/eq.2019.022
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Vasilii Erokhin & Gao Tianming & Anna Ivolga, 2021. "Cross-Country Potentials and Advantages in Trade in Fish and Seafood Products in the RCEP Member States," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(7), pages 1-40, March.
    2. Maria Zuba-Ciszewska & Aleksandra Kowalska & Aneta Brodziak & Louise Manning, 2023. "Organic Milk Production Sector in Poland: Driving the Potential to Meet Future Market, Societal and Environmental Challenges," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(13), pages 1-21, June.
    3. Tamás Mizik, 2021. "Agri-Food Trade Competitiveness: A Review of the Literature," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(20), pages 1-14, October.
    4. Pawlak, Karolina & Poczta, Walenty, 2020. "Competitiveness of Polish Agriculture in The Context of Globalization and Economic Integration – Competitive Potential and Position," Problems of Agricultural Economics / Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej 311270, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics - National Research Institute (IAFE-NRI).
    5. Ajmani, Manmeet, 2023. "Examining the interplay between agri-food and trade competitiveness: A review of literature," MPRA Paper 118396, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    6. Erokhin, Vasilii & Ivolga, Anna & Lazareva, Natalia & Germanova, Victoria & Igonina, Elena & Sofin, Alexander, 2024. "China—Eastern Europe Agricultural Trade: (Dis)Advantages and Policy Responses," Research on World Agricultural Economy, Nan Yang Academy of Sciences Pte Ltd (NASS), vol. 5(2), June.
    7. Katarzyna Łukiewska & Małgorzata Juchniewicz, 2021. "Identification of the Relationships between Competitive Potential and Competitive Position of the Food Industry in the European Union," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(8), pages 1-13, April.
    8. Chmielewski, Łukasz, 2024. "Sytuacja podażowa w sektorze kakao w Ghanie w latach 2016-2022 i jej potencjalny wpływ na import kakao do Polski," Problems of World Agriculture / Problemy Rolnictwa Światowego, Warsaw University of Life Sciences, vol. 24(2), June.
    9. Mariusz Hamulczuk & Karolina Pawlak, 2022. "Determinants for international competitiveness of the food industry in 43 countries worldwide: evidence from panel models," Equilibrium. Quarterly Journal of Economics and Economic Policy, Institute of Economic Research, vol. 17(3), pages 635-667, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    comparative advantages; foreign trade; competitiveness; food; Poland;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • L66 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Food; Beverages; Cosmetics; Tobacco
    • Q17 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agriculture in International Trade

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