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Conflicting Views of Fairness in Aid Distribution: Evidence from Rural Nicaragua

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  • Ben D'Exelle

    (School of International Development, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK.)

Abstract

Development programmes and their potential beneficiaries may differ considerably on how they assess the fairness of aid distribution(s). It is worthwhile to understand and explain this heterogeneity, as a mismatch may jeopardize local acceptance and the effectiveness of development aid. Focusing on rural Nicaragua, we analyse two case studies on the use of fairness concepts in discursive struggles over rural microfinance and the agrarian reform. We complement this analysis with an investigation of individual fairness preferences, elicited with the help of a distribution experiment. Asking people how development aid should be distributed in different scenarios, we find that individual fairness preferences correlate with sex, age, wealth, religion and village solidarity and respect for individual property. For policymakers, these correlations yield useful insights regarding the types or groups of people that have potentially conflicting fairness preferences.Les programmes de développement et leurs bénéficiaires potentiels peuvent différer considérablement dans leurs manières d’évaluer l’équité de la distribution de l’aide. Il est utile de comprendre et d’expliquer cette hétérogénéité, car un manque de cohérence peut compromettre l’acceptation locale ainsi que l’efficacité de l’aide au développement. En examinant le cas du Nicaragua rural, nous analysons deux études de cas concernant l’utilisation des concepts d’équité dans les discours autour de la micro-finance rurale et la réforme agraire. Nous complétons cette analyse par une enquête sur les préférences individuelles en termes d’équité, révélées grâce à une expérience sur la distribution. Nous avons demandé aux individus comment l’aide au développement devrait être repartie dans différents cas de figure et avons constaté que les préférences individuelles en termes d’équité étaient liées au sexe, à la religion, l’âge, la richesse, ainsi qu’à la solidarité villageoise et au respect de la propriété individuelle. Pour les décideurs politiques ces corrélations apportent des indications utiles sur les types ou groupes de personnes qui auraient potentiellement des préférences conflictuelles concernant l’équité.

Suggested Citation

  • Ben D'Exelle, 2013. "Conflicting Views of Fairness in Aid Distribution: Evidence from Rural Nicaragua," The European Journal of Development Research, Palgrave Macmillan;European Association of Development Research and Training Institutes (EADI), vol. 25(1), pages 112-128, February.
  • Handle: RePEc:pal:eurjdr:v:25:y:2013:i:1:p:112-128
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