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The new visible hand: An assisted linear model of science and innovation policy

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  • Henry Etzkowitz

Abstract

Science-based innovation is realized through a triple helix of university-industry-government relations. Interaction among triple helix actors in the prototypical high-tech regions, Route 128 and Silicon Valley, led to creation of the venture capital firm, science park and technology transfer office. These organizational mechanisms constitute an ‘assisted linear model’ for translation of research results with commercial potential into use either in existing firms or start-ups. Although visible end products such as science parks attracted early attention, second-mover regions have gained a sophisticated awareness of the efficacy of linking research and transfer in embedded projects as an objective of innovation policy. Copyright , Beech Tree Publishing.

Suggested Citation

  • Henry Etzkowitz, 2006. "The new visible hand: An assisted linear model of science and innovation policy," Science and Public Policy, Oxford University Press, vol. 33(5), pages 310-320, June.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:scippl:v:33:y:2006:i:5:p:310-320
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.3152/147154306781778911
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    Cited by:

    1. Mario Coccia, 2007. "Il finanziamento pubblico alla ricerca spiazza l’investimento privato in ricerca? Analisi ed implicazioni per la crescita economica dei paesi," CERIS Working Paper 200704, CNR-IRCrES Research Institute on Sustainable Economic Growth - Torino (TO) ITALY - former Institute for Economic Research on Firms and Growth - Moncalieri (TO) ITALY.
    2. Robert Huggins & Andrew Johnston & Rebecca Steffenson, 2008. "Universities, knowledge networks and regional policy," Cambridge Journal of Regions, Economy and Society, Cambridge Political Economy Society, vol. 1(2), pages 321-340.
    3. Radmil Polenakovik & Ivana Stankovska & Bojan R. Jovanovski, 2014. "Macedonian National Innovation System - Main Challenges," Economic Review: Journal of Economics and Business, University of Tuzla, Faculty of Economics, vol. 12(2), pages 21-34.
    4. Mike Burbridge & Gregory M. Morrison, 2021. "A Systematic Literature Review of Partnership Development at the University–Industry–Government Nexus," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-24, December.
    5. Shaw, Jamie, 2022. "There and back again: Revisiting Vannevar Bush, the linear model, and the freedom of science," Research Policy, Elsevier, vol. 51(10).
    6. Jinyuan Ma, 2019. "Developing Joint R&D Institutes between Chinese Universities and International Enterprises in China’s Innovation System: A Case at Tsinghua University," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 11(24), pages 1-25, December.
    7. Mario Coccia, 2007. "Quanto e come investire in ricerca per massimizzare la crescita economica? Analisi e implicazioni di politica economica per l’Italia e l’Europa," CERIS Working Paper 200705, CNR-IRCrES Research Institute on Sustainable Economic Growth - Torino (TO) ITALY - former Institute for Economic Research on Firms and Growth - Moncalieri (TO) ITALY.
    8. Lorenzo Compagnucci & Francesca Spigarelli, 2018. "Fostering Cross-Sector Collaboration to Promote Innovation in the Water Sector," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 10(11), pages 1-24, November.
    9. Marco Cucculelli & Ivano Dileo & Marco Pini, 2022. "Filling the void of family leadership: institutional support to business model changes in the Italian Industry 4.0 experience," The Journal of Technology Transfer, Springer, vol. 47(1), pages 213-241, February.
    10. Andrew Schrank & Josh Whitford, 2009. "Industrial Policy in the United States: A Neo-Polanyian Interpretation," Politics & Society, , vol. 37(4), pages 521-553, December.

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