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Do Minorities Pay More for Mortgages?
[Higher-priced home lending and the 2005 HMDA data]

Author

Listed:
  • Neil Bhutta
  • Aurel Hizmo

Abstract

We test for racial discrimination in the prices charged by mortgage lenders. We construct a unique data set from which we observe the three dimensions of a mortgage’s price: the interest rate, discount points, and fees. Although we find statistically significant gaps by race and ethnicity in interest rates, these gaps are offset by differences in discount points. We trace out point-rate schedules and show that minorities and whites face identical schedules, but sort to different locations on the schedule. Such sorting may reflect systematic differences in liquidity or preferences. Finally, we find no differences in total fees by race or ethnicity.

Suggested Citation

  • Neil Bhutta & Aurel Hizmo, 2021. "Do Minorities Pay More for Mortgages? [Higher-priced home lending and the 2005 HMDA data]," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 34(2), pages 763-789.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:rfinst:v:34:y:2021:i:2:p:763-789.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/rfs/hhaa047
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Christophe Hurlin & Christophe Perignon & Sébastien Saurin, 2021. "The Fairness of Credit Scoring Models," Working Papers hal-03501452, HAL.
    2. Paolo Emilio Mistrulli & Md Taslim Uddin & Alberto Zazzaro, 2023. "Discrimination of Immigrants in Mortgage Pricing and Approval: Evidence from Italy," CSEF Working Papers 675, Centre for Studies in Economics and Finance (CSEF), University of Naples, Italy.
    3. William N Goetzmann & Christophe Spaenjers & Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh, 2021. "Real and Private-Value Assets [Gendered prices]," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 34(8), pages 3497-3526.
    4. McCartney, W. Ben & Shah, Avni M., 2022. "Household mortgage refinancing decisions are neighbor influenced, especially along racial lines," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 128(C).
    5. Hurtado, Agustin & Sakong, Jung, 2024. "Racial disparities in the U.S. mortgage market," Working Papers 342, The University of Chicago Booth School of Business, George J. Stigler Center for the Study of the Economy and the State.
    6. Benjamin Collier & Sabrina T. Howell & Lea Rendell, 2024. "After the Storm: How Emergency Liquidity Helps Small Businesses Following Natural Disasters," Working Papers 24-20, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau.
    7. Hurtado, Agustin & Sakong, Jung, 2022. "The effect of minority bank ownership on minority credit," Working Papers 325, The University of Chicago Booth School of Business, George J. Stigler Center for the Study of the Economy and the State.
    8. Andreas Fuster & Paul Goldsmith‐Pinkham & Tarun Ramadorai & Ansgar Walther, 2022. "Predictably Unequal? The Effects of Machine Learning on Credit Markets," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 77(1), pages 5-47, February.
    9. Hagendorff, Jens & Nguyen, Duc Duy & Sila, Vathunyoo, 2022. "Does marriage equality promote credit access? Evidence from same-sex marriage laws," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    10. Lepinteur, Anthony & Menta, Giorgia & Waltl, Sofie R., 2023. "Equal Price for Equal Place? Demand-Driven Racial Discrimination in the Housing Market," IZA Discussion Papers 16418, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    11. Natalya Bikmetova & Geoffrey K. Turnbull & Velma Zahirovic‐Herbert, 2023. "Ethnicity in housing markets: Buyers, sellers and agents," Real Estate Economics, American Real Estate and Urban Economics Association, vol. 51(1), pages 196-232, January.
    12. Ihlanfeldt, Keith & Yang, Cynthia Fan, 2024. "The role of neighborhood characteristics in explaining political party residential segregation," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 105(C).
    13. Gerardi, Kristopher & Willen, Paul S. & Zhang, David Hao, 2023. "Mortgage prepayment, race, and monetary policy," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 147(3), pages 498-524.
    14. Sabrina T. Howell & Theresa Kuchler & David Snitkof & Johannes Stroebel & Jun Wong, 2021. "Lender Automation and Racial Disparities in Credit Access," NBER Working Papers 29364, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    15. Bartlett, Robert & Morse, Adair & Stanton, Richard & Wallace, Nancy, 2022. "Consumer-lending discrimination in the FinTech Era," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(1), pages 30-56.
    16. Ashleigh Eldemire & Kimberly F Luchtenberg & Matthew M Wynter, 2022. "Does Homeownership Reduce Wealth Disparities for Low-Income and Minority Households?," The Review of Corporate Finance Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 11(3), pages 465-510.
    17. Kishor, N. Kundan & Konkel, Rebecca & Yoon, Jangsu & Zhao, Tian, 2023. "Bridging the racial disparity in wealth creation in Milwaukee," MPRA Paper 117686, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    18. Sabrina T. Howell & Theresa Kuchler & David Snitkof & Johannes Stroebel & Jun Wong, 2021. "Racial Disparities in Access to Small Business Credit: Evidence from the Paycheck Protection Program," CESifo Working Paper Series 9345, CESifo.
    19. Sean Lewis-Faupel & Nicholas Tenev, 2024. "Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Mortgage Lending: New Evidence from Expanded HMDA Data," Papers 2405.00895, arXiv.org.
    20. James Conklin & Kristopher Gerardi & Lauren Lambie-Hanson, 2022. "Can Everyone Tap Into the Housing Piggy Bank? Racial Disparities in Access to Home Equity," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2022-17, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    21. Natee Amornsiripanitch, 2023. "The Age Gap in Mortgage Access," Working Papers 23-03, Federal Reserve Bank of Philadelphia.
    22. Gill, Balbinder Singh, 2024. "COVID-19 mortality risk premium and the interest rate on mortgage loans," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 93(C).
    23. Wu, Di & Deng, Nanxin, 2024. "Beyond origination charges: The pass-through of GSE upfront fee adjustments in 2022," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 59(C).
    24. Gill, Balbinder Singh, 2023. "Health uninsurance premium and mortgage interest rates," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 87(C).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • R51 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Regional Government Analysis - - - Finance in Urban and Rural Economies

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