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Capital Budgeting in Multidivision Firms: Information, Agency, and Incentives

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  • Antonio E. Bernardo

Abstract

We examine optimal capital allocation and managerial compensation in a firm with two investment projects (divisions) each run by a risk-neutral manager who can provide (i) (unverifiable) information about project quality and (ii) (unverifiable) access to value-enhancing, but privately costly resources. The optimal managerial compensation contract offers greater performance pay and a lower salary when managers report that their project is higher quality. The firm generally underinvests in capital and managers underutilize resources (relative to first-best). We also derive cross-sectional predictions about the sensitivity of investment in one division to the quality of investment opportunities in the other division, and the relative importance of division-level and firm-level performance-based pay in managerial compensation contracts. Copyright 2004, Oxford University Press.

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  • Antonio E. Bernardo, 2004. "Capital Budgeting in Multidivision Firms: Information, Agency, and Incentives," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 17(3), pages 739-767.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:rfinst:v:17:y:2004:i:3:p:739-767
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    Cited by:

    1. Cremers, M. & Huang, R. & Sautner, Z., 2009. "Understanding Internal Capital Markets and Corporate Policies," Discussion Paper 2009-47 S, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    2. Kim, Doyoung, 2006. "Capital budgeting for new projects: On the role of auditing in information acquisition," Journal of Accounting and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 41(3), pages 257-270, September.
    3. Baresa, Suzana & Bogdan, Sinisa & Ivanovic, Zoran, 2016. "Capital Investments And Financial Profitability," UTMS Journal of Economics, University of Tourism and Management, Skopje, Macedonia, vol. 7(1), pages 49-59.
    4. Nolan Miller & Alexander Wagner & Richard Zeckhauser, 2013. "Solomonic separation: Risk decisions as productivity indicators," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Springer, vol. 46(3), pages 265-297, June.
    5. João Paulo Vieito & António Cerqueira & Elísio Brandão & Walayet A. Khan, 2009. "Executive Compensation: the Finance Perspective," Portuguese Journal of Management Studies, ISEG, Universidade de Lisboa, vol. 0(1), pages 3-32.
    6. Martijn Cremers & Rocco Huang & Zacharias Sautner, 2008. "Internal Capital Markets and Corporate Politics in a Banking Group," Yale School of Management Working Papers amz2464, Yale School of Management, revised 01 Oct 2009.
    7. Stoughton, Neal M. & Zechner, Josef, 2007. "Optimal capital allocation using RAROC(TM) and EVA(R)," Journal of Financial Intermediation, Elsevier, vol. 16(3), pages 312-342, July.
    8. Xavier Giroud, 2010. "Soft Information and Investment: Evidence from Plant-Level Data," Working Papers 10-38, Center for Economic Studies, U.S. Census Bureau, revised Nov 2010.
    9. Shih-Chu Chou & Ramachandran Natarajan & Kenneth Zheng, 2022. "Conglomerate internal informational advantage and resource allocation efficiency," Review of Quantitative Finance and Accounting, Springer, vol. 59(2), pages 717-748, August.
    10. Cremers, M. & Huang, R. & Sautner, Z., 2009. "Understanding Internal Capital Markets and Corporate Policies," Other publications TiSEM 7580e234-c4c4-464a-ac25-e, Tilburg University, School of Economics and Management.
    11. Sandro Brusco & Fausto Panunzi, 2020. "Internal financing, managerial compensation and multiple tasks," Annals of Finance, Springer, vol. 16(4), pages 501-527, December.
    12. Hoang, Daniel & Gatzer, Sebastian & Ruckes, Martin E., 2018. "The economics of capital allocation in firms: Evidence from internal capital markets," Working Paper Series in Economics 115, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Department of Economics and Management.
    13. Xu, Su Xiu, 2021. "Overexploitation Risk in “Green Mountains and Clear Water”," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 179(C).
    14. Eisfeldt, Andrea L. & Rampini, Adriano A., 2008. "Managerial incentives, capital reallocation, and the business cycle," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 87(1), pages 177-199, January.
    15. Baule, Rainer, 2014. "Allocation of risk capital on an internal market," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 234(1), pages 186-196.
    16. Dirk Hackbarth & Alejandro Rivera & Tak-Yuen Wong, 2022. "Optimal Short-Termism," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 68(9), pages 6477-6505, September.
    17. Schmidbauer, Eric, 2019. "Budget selection when agents compete," Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, Elsevier, vol. 158(C), pages 255-268.
    18. Chen, Xiao & Huang, Bihong & Shaban, Mohamed, 2022. "Naïve or sophisticated? Information disclosure and investment decisions in peer to peer lending," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 77(C).
    19. Gabriel Natividad, 2013. "Multidivisional Strategy and Investment Returns," Journal of Economics & Management Strategy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 22(3), pages 594-616, September.
    20. García, Diego, 2014. "Optimal contracts with privately informed agents and active principals," Journal of Corporate Finance, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 695-709.
    21. Xu, Su Xiu & Guo, Ren-Yong & Zhai, Yue & Feng, Jianghong & Ning, Yu, 2024. "Toward a positive compensation policy for rail transport via mechanism design: The case of China Railway Express," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 146(C), pages 322-342.
    22. Choe, Chongwoo & Yin, Xiangkang, 2009. "Diversification discount, information rents, and internal capital markets," The Quarterly Review of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 49(2), pages 178-196, May.
    23. Andrey Malenko, 2011. "Optimal Design of Internal Capital Markets," 2011 Meeting Papers 442, Society for Economic Dynamics.
    24. Martijn Cremers & Rocco Huang & Zacharias Sautner, 2008. "Internal Capital Markets and Corporate Politics in a Banking Group," Yale School of Management Working Papers amz2464, Yale School of Management, revised 01 Oct 2009.
    25. Gatzer, Sebastian & Hoang, Daniel & Ruckes, Martin, 2015. "Internal Capital Markets and Diversified Firms: Theory and Practice," EconStor Preprints 169432, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics.

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