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A Kuznets curve analysis of ozone-depleting substances and the impact of the Montreal Protocol

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  • Robin Mason
  • Timothy Swanson

Abstract

This paper examines the relationship between countries' propensity to emit chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and income per capita. The main part of the analysis uses dynamic estimation methods on a panel of CFC production. In contrast to static analyses, we find statistically significant quadratic relationship between income and CFC production, with a critical income level in the Kuznets curve of $16,050. This reinforces the trend observed in other papers that global pollutants have higher critical income levels than local or urban pollutants. In addition, it suggests that, in the absence of any international agreement, CFC production in the poorest countries would ensure that there is a substantial rise in global production over the next 50 years. Copyright 2003, Oxford University Press.

Suggested Citation

  • Robin Mason & Timothy Swanson, 2003. "A Kuznets curve analysis of ozone-depleting substances and the impact of the Montreal Protocol," Oxford Economic Papers, Oxford University Press, vol. 55(1), pages 1-24, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:oxecpp:v:55:y:2003:i:1:p:1-24
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    Cited by:

    1. repec:ebl:ecbull:v:17:y:2007:i:7:p:1-5 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Sushama Murty, 2014. "Necessary and sufficient conditions for an environmental Kuznets curve with some illustrative examples," Discussion Papers 1407, University of Exeter, Department of Economics.
    3. Thomas Longden, 2014. "Going Forward by Looking Backwards on the Environmental Kuznets Curve: an Analysis of CFCs, CO2 and the Montreal and Kyoto Protocols," Working Papers 2014.74, Fondazione Eni Enrico Mattei.
    4. Sushama Murty, 2014. "On the environmental Kuznets curve with fossil-fuel induced emission: Theory and some illustrative examples," Discussion Papers 1406, University of Exeter, Department of Economics.
    5. Umair Shahzad, 2014. "Impact Assessment of Natural Disasters upon Economic Growth in Pakistan," 2nd International Conference on Energy, Regional Integration and Socio-Economic Development 7373, EcoMod.
    6. Caviglia-Harris, Jill L. & Chambers, Dustin & Kahn, James R., 2009. "Taking the "U" out of Kuznets: A comprehensive analysis of the EKC and environmental degradation," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 68(4), pages 1149-1159, February.
    7. Michel, David, 2009. "Foxes, hedgehogs, and greenhouse governance: Knowledge, uncertainty, and international policy-making in a warming World," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(2), pages 258-264, February.
    8. Gairuzazmi Ghani, 2007. "The Montreal Protocol: Developing Countries Import of Halons," Economics Bulletin, AccessEcon, vol. 17(7), pages 1-5.
    9. Altanshagai Batmunkh & Agus Dwi Nugroho & Maria Fekete-Farkas & Zoltan Lakner, 2022. "Global Challenges and Responses: Agriculture, Economic Globalization, and Environmental Sustainability in Central Asia," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(4), pages 1-21, February.

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