Facts, Evidence and the Burden of Proof in the World Bank Group Sanctions System

The large and growing number of international judicial and quasi-judicial bodies has made international procedural law an important part of public international law. This article examines how procedural rules of a certain type—provisions related to facts, evidence, and the burden of proof—have been designed in the World Bank Group Sanctions System. The main conclusion is that such rules play a central role, and that considerable efforts have been made during the last two decades to develop a well-functioning body of procedural provisions. However, the article also argues that certain parts of the system could be developed further, in order to make it as clear as possible what is expected from the different actors in the proceedings.