Energy, and environmental investigation of a hybrid gas turbine–solar energy for desalination process for using in sport stadiums

Fossil fuels are currently the primary source of electricity, but their limited supply and environmental impact have led to increased interest in renewable energies, particularly solar energy. Solar energy can be converted into electricity through photovoltaic or concentrated solar power plants, with the latter using thermal energy from concentrated solar radiation and divided into four types of concentrators. Due to the particularity of sports, large stadiums are often equipped with independent hot water preparation systems for the convenience of sports enthusiasts. Solar energy is expensive and unreliable for producing continuous electricity, but a solution is to use Solar–fossil hybrid power plants, particularly combined gas–solar turbine power plants. In these plants, concentrated solar energy heats compressed air before it enters the combustion chamber, and the rest of the energy is provided by fossil fuels, with gas power plants being the best option due to their reliability, quick start and stop, complete energy dispatching and no water consumption. The study simulated a combined gas–solar turbine power plant with a dehumidifier–humidification dehumidifier and investigated various parameters such as fuel consumption, turbine production, efficiency, solar fraction and carbon dioxide gas emission. The simulation of a combined gas–solar turbine power plant showed a decrease in fuel consumption and 45–50% of required energy provided by solar energy, with a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions by 47%.