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Intercohort Variations in the Education–Health Gradient: Sociohistorical Changes in Early-Life Selection Mechanisms in the United States

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  • Tirth R Bhatta
  • Anna Zajacova

Abstract

ObjectivesMost prior studies on cohort-specific changes in the education gradient relative to health treat the distribution of education within a particular cohort as a “starting place” for understanding later-life health disparities. This premise has obfuscated the role that sociohistorical changes in early-life selection mechanisms play in the widening of education-based inequalities in functional limitations across birth cohorts.MethodsDrawing from the Health and Retirement Survey (1992–2016; n = 20,920), this study employs inverse probability weight (IPW) to account for early-life selection mechanisms that are likely to affect both educational attainment and functional limitations. IPW-adjusted generalized linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate the total effect of education on functional limitations across birth cohorts (born 1924–1959).ResultsA significant linear decline in the negative effects of childhood socioeconomic disadvantage on education (β = 0.005, p

Suggested Citation

  • Tirth R Bhatta & Anna Zajacova, 2021. "Intercohort Variations in the Education–Health Gradient: Sociohistorical Changes in Early-Life Selection Mechanisms in the United States," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 76(2), pages 330-342.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:geronb:v:76:y:2021:i:2:p:330-342.
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