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Socioeconomic Status and Parenting Style From Childhood: Long-Term Effects on Cognitive Function in Middle and Later Adulthood

Author

Listed:
  • Yujun LiuPhD
  • Margie E LachmanPhD
  • J Jill SuitorPhDDecision Editor

Abstract

ObjectivesThis study assesses whether childhood socioeconomic status (SES) is related to cognitive function and cognitive change at mid and later life and explores the buffering effects of parenting style and adulthood SES.MethodData were derived from the 3 waves of the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) study, a national survey including 7,108 participants aged from 24 to 75 years at baseline. We used multiple regression and multilevel models to investigate the associations between childhood SES, adulthood SES, and cognitive performance and change at midlife and the role of parents’ affection and discipline.ResultsLow childhood SES was associated with lower cognitive function and more cognitive decline at mid and later life. Adulthood SES moderated the effect of childhood SES on cognitive function. Interactions showed that paternal discipline was positively related to cognitive function among participants with low childhood SES, and negatively related to cognitive function among participants with high childhood SES. High paternal affection was associated with less cognitive decline at mid and later life.DiscussionThe findings advance the understanding of the long-term consequences of SES and psychosocial factors in early life that can lead to optimal cognitive function in middle and old age.

Suggested Citation

  • Yujun LiuPhD & Margie E LachmanPhD & J Jill SuitorPhDDecision Editor, 2019. "Socioeconomic Status and Parenting Style From Childhood: Long-Term Effects on Cognitive Function in Middle and Later Adulthood," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 74(6), pages 13-24.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:geronb:v:74:y:2019:i:6:p:e13-e24.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/geronb/gbz034
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Xiaodong Zheng & Yue Zhang & Yu Chen & Xiangming Fang, 2021. "Internal Migration Experience and Depressive Symptoms among Middle-Aged and Older Adults: Evidence from China," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-15, December.
    2. Hong Tang & Qian Di, 2022. "The Effect of Prenatal Exposure to Climate Anomaly on Adulthood Cognitive Function and Job Reputation," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-12, February.
    3. Zheng, Xiaodong & Shangguan, Shuangyue & Fang, Zuyi & Fang, Xiangming, 2021. "Early-life exposure to parental mental distress and adulthood depression among middle-aged and elderly Chinese," Economics & Human Biology, Elsevier, vol. 41(C).

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