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Relationships Among Self-perception of Aging, Physical Functioning, and Self-efficacy in Late Life

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  • Hava Tovel
  • Sara Carmel
  • Victoria H Raveis

Abstract

Objectives The purpose of the current study was to examine the longitudinal relationship between 2 central concepts in the study of subjective well-being in old age—self-perception of aging (SPA) and physical functioning, and to assess the mediating role of self-efficacy beliefs in this relationship. Method sInterviews were conducted in the home with 1,216 randomly selected persons aged 75+ years (T1) and repeated with 892 of them 2 years later (T2). We collected data on SPA, physical functioning, self-efficacy, self-rated health, and demographics. Using SEM techniques, we examined cross-lagged autoregressive relationships between SPA and physical functioning and between SPA and self-efficacy, and the mediating effect of self-efficacy. Results Findings indicated that it was SPA that affected physical functioning and self-efficacy and not vice versa, while controlling for age, gender, education, economic status and self-rated health. Evaluation of a mediation model showed that self-efficacy fully mediated the longitudinal relationship between SPA-T1 and physical functioning -T2. Discussion Our results indicated a psychological pathway by which SPA affected physical functioning through self-efficacy. SPA also affected self-efficacy, which in turn probably motivated people to use effective coping patterns for maintaining their physical functioning.

Suggested Citation

  • Hava Tovel & Sara Carmel & Victoria H Raveis, 2019. "Relationships Among Self-perception of Aging, Physical Functioning, and Self-efficacy in Late Life," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 74(2), pages 212-221.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:geronb:v:74:y:2019:i:2:p:212-221.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/geronb/gbx056
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Qingxiu Dang & Baoshan Zhang, 2022. "Linkage from Self-Sacrifice to Hope Through the Intervening Roles of Perceived Family Support and Attitudes to Aging in Chinese Older Adults," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 23(6), pages 2405-2426, August.
    2. Svenja M. Spuling & Verena Klusmann & Catherine E. Bowen & Anna E. Kornadt & Eva-Marie Kessler, 2020. "The uniqueness of subjective ageing: convergent and discriminant validity," European Journal of Ageing, Springer, vol. 17(4), pages 445-455, December.
    3. Chien-Yao Sun & Chun-Yin Yeh & Yan Zhao & Ching-Ju Chiu, 2020. "Can Individual Attitudes toward Aging Predict Subsequent Physical Disabilities in Older Taiwanese Individuals? A Four-Year Retrospective Cohort Study," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(1), pages 1-11, December.

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