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Trends in the Prevalence and Disparity in Cognitive Limitations of Americans 55–69 Years Old

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  • HwaJung ChoiPhD
  • Robert F SchoeniPhD
  • Linda G MartinPhD
  • Kenneth M LangaMD, PhD

Abstract

ObjectivesTo determine whether the prevalence of cognitive limitation (CL) among Americans ages 55 to 69 years changed between 1998 and 2014, and to assess the trends in socioeconomic disparities in CL among groups defined by race/ethnicity, education, income, and wealth.MethodLogistic regression using 1998–2014 data from the biennial Health and Retirement Study, a nationally representative data set. CL is defined as a score of 0–11 on a 27-point cognitive battery of items focused on memory. Socioeconomic status (SES) measures are classified as quartiles.ResultsIn models controlling for age, gender, and previous cognitive testing, we find no significant change over time in the overall prevalence of CL, widening disparities in limitation by income and, in some cases, wealth, and improvements among non-Hispanic whites but not other racial/ethnic groups.DiscussionAmong people 55–69, rates of CL are many times higher for groups with lower SES than those with higher SES, and recent trends show little indication that the gaps are narrowing.

Suggested Citation

  • HwaJung ChoiPhD & Robert F SchoeniPhD & Linda G MartinPhD & Kenneth M LangaMD, PhD, 2018. "Trends in the Prevalence and Disparity in Cognitive Limitations of Americans 55–69 Years Old," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 73(suppl_1), pages 29-37.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:geronb:v:73:y:2018:i:suppl_1:p:s29-s37.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/geronb/gbx155
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    Cited by:

    1. Cho, Tsai-Chin & Park, Bona & Choi, HwaJung, 2023. "Measuring spatial availability of children for older adults with disability," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 335(C).
    2. Liu, Hui & Chopik, William J. & Shrout, M. Rosie & Wang, Juwen, 2024. "A national longitudinal dyadic analysis of spousal education and cognitive decline in the United States," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 343(C).

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