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Living costs and welfare ratios in Western Europe: new estimates using a linear programming model

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  • Luis Felipe Zegarra

Abstract

This study provides new estimates on welfare ratios for London, Amsterdam, Paris, Strasbourg, Munich, and Leipzig for 1600–1850. I use a linear programming model to compute the basket that minimizes the food cost subject to nutrient requirements. For a balanced nutrition, I take into consideration that people should ingest not only calories and proteins, but also fat, iron, and some basic vitamins. The results suggest that living standards in Western Europe were lower than previously thought. However, like previous studies, this article suggests that welfare ratios in London were higher than in other European cities.

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  • Luis Felipe Zegarra, 2022. "Living costs and welfare ratios in Western Europe: new estimates using a linear programming model," European Review of Economic History, European Historical Economics Society, vol. 26(1), pages 38-61.
    • Handle: RePEc:oup:ereveh:v:26:y:2022:i:1:p:38-61.
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    File URL: http://hdl.handle.net/10.1093/ereh/heab007
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